학술논문
Low-energy calibration of XENON1T with an internal $$^{{\textbf {37}}}$$ 37 Ar source
Document Type
article
Author
E. Aprile; K. Abe; F. Agostini; S. Ahmed Maouloud; M. Alfonsi; L. Althueser; B. Andrieu; E. Angelino; J. R. Angevaare; V. C. Antochi; D. Antón Martin; F. Arneodo; L. Baudis; A. L. Baxter; L. Bellagamba; R. Biondi; A. Bismark; A. Brown; S. Bruenner; G. Bruno; R. Budnik; T. K. Bui; C. Cai; C. Capelli; J. M. R. Cardoso; D. Cichon; A. P. Colijn; J. Conrad; J. J. Cuenca-García; J. P. Cussonneau; V. D’Andrea; M. P. Decowski; P. Di Gangi; S. Di Pede; S. Diglio; K. Eitel; A. Elykov; S. Farrell; A. D. Ferella; C. Ferrari; H. Fischer; W. Fulgione; P. Gaemers; R. Gaior; A. Gallo Rosso; M. Galloway; F. Gao; R. Glade-Beucke; L. Grandi; J. Grigat; M. Guida; R. Hammann; A. Higuera; C. Hils; L. Hoetzsch; J. Howlett; M. Iacovacci; Y. Itow; J. Jakob; F. Joerg; A. Joy; N. Kato; M. Kara; P. Kavrigin; S. Kazama; M. Kobayashi; G. Koltman; A. Kopec; F. Kuger; H. Landsman; R. F. Lang; L. Levinson; I. Li; S. Li; S. Liang; S. Lindemann; M. Lindner; K. Liu; J. Loizeau; F. Lombardi; J. Long; J. A. M. Lopes; Y. Ma; C. Macolino; J. Mahlstedt; A. Mancuso; L. Manenti; F. Marignetti; T. Marrodán Undagoitia; K. Martens; J. Masbou; D. Masson; E. Masson; S. Mastroianni; M. Messina; K. Miuchi; K. Mizukoshi; A. Molinario; S. Moriyama; K. Morå; Y. Mosbacher; M. Murra; J. Müller; K. Ni; U. Oberlack; B. Paetsch; J. Palacio; R. Peres; C. Peters; J. Pienaar; M. Pierre; V. Pizzella; G. Plante; J. Qi; J. Qin; D. Ramírez García; S. Reichard; A. Rocchetti; N. Rupp; L. Sanchez; P. Sanchez-Lucas; J. M. F. dos Santos; I. Sarnoff; G. Sartorelli; J. Schreiner; D. Schulte; P. Schulte; H. Schulze Eißing; M. Schumann; L. Scotto Lavina; M. Selvi; F. Semeria; P. Shagin; S. Shi; E. Shockley; M. Silva; H. Simgen; A. Takeda; P.-L. Tan; A. Terliuk; D. Thers; F. Toschi; G. Trinchero; C. Tunnell; F. Tönnies; K. Valerius; G. Volta; C. Weinheimer; M. Weiss; D. Wenz; C. Wittweg; T. Wolf; D. Xu; Z. Xu; M. Yamashita; L. Yang; J. Ye; L. Yuan; G. Zavattini; S. Zerbo; M. Zhong; T. Zhu; C. Geppert; J. Riemer; XENON Collaboration
Source
European Physical Journal C: Particles and Fields, Vol 83, Iss 6, Pp 1-15 (2023)
Subject
Language
English
ISSN
1434-6052
Abstract
Abstract A low-energy electronic recoil calibration of XENON1T, a dual-phase xenon time projection chamber, with an internal $${}^{37}$$ 37 Ar source was performed. This calibration source features a 35-day half-life and provides two mono-energetic lines at 2.82 keV and 0.27 keV. The photon yield and electron yield at 2.82 keV are measured to be ( $$32.3\,\pm \,0.3$$ 32.3 ± 0.3 ) photons/keV and ( $$40.6\,\pm \,0.5$$ 40.6 ± 0.5 ) electrons/keV, respectively, in agreement with other measurements and with NEST predictions. The electron yield at 0.27 keV is also measured and it is ( $$68.0^{+6.3}_{-3.7}$$ 68 . 0 - 3.7 + 6.3 ) electrons/keV. The $${}^{37}$$ 37 Ar calibration confirms that the detector is well-understood in the energy region close to the detection threshold, with the 2.82 keV line reconstructed at ( $$2.83\,\pm \,0.02$$ 2.83 ± 0.02 ) keV, which further validates the model used to interpret the low-energy electronic recoil excess previously reported by XENON1T. The ability to efficiently remove argon with cryogenic distillation after the calibration proves that $${}^{37}$$ 37 Ar can be considered as a regular calibration source for multi-tonne xenon detectors.