학술논문
加速器驱动次临界系统--先进核燃料循环的选择 / Accelerator driven sub-critical systems--a promising solution for cycling nuclear fuel
Document Type
Academic Journal
Author
Source
物理 / Physics. 45(9):569-577
Subject
Language
Chinese
ISSN
0379-4148
Abstract
加速器驱动次临界系统(Accelerator Driven Sub-critical System，ADS)是利用加速器产生的高能强流质子束轰击重核时产生的外源中子，来驱动次临界堆芯中裂变材料发生的持续的链式反应，使得长寿命放射性核素最终变为非放射性的或短寿命的核素，并维持反应堆运行，因而具有该系统所固有的安全性。ADS的中子能谱硬，通量大，能量分布宽，嬗变长寿命核素能力强，可大幅降低核废料的放射性危害，实现核废料的最少化，被国际公认为是核废料处理最有前景的技术途径。文章介绍了ADS研究的国家需求，概述了ADS技术原理及挑战，同时介绍了中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(A类)“未来先进核裂变能——ADS嬗变系统”这一研究课题实施进展情况，并对未来发展进行了展望。
An accelerator driven sub-critical system (ADS) that utilizes spallation neutrons as an external neutron source to drive the sub-critical blanket system has inherent safety features. It is universally regarded as the most promising approach for the disposal of the long-lived nuclear wastes because of its hard and wide neutron spectra, and large flux. In addition to its ability to re-duce significantly the lifetime and volume of nuclear waste, it also has the potential for nuclear fu-el breeding and nuclear power generation, which could improve the utilization efficiency of nucle-ar fuel resource. In this paper we describe the basis principles, challenges and current status of ADS research worldwide. A brief review of the progress of China's ADS research program is then presented, followed by an overview of the outlook for future developments.
An accelerator driven sub-critical system (ADS) that utilizes spallation neutrons as an external neutron source to drive the sub-critical blanket system has inherent safety features. It is universally regarded as the most promising approach for the disposal of the long-lived nuclear wastes because of its hard and wide neutron spectra, and large flux. In addition to its ability to re-duce significantly the lifetime and volume of nuclear waste, it also has the potential for nuclear fu-el breeding and nuclear power generation, which could improve the utilization efficiency of nucle-ar fuel resource. In this paper we describe the basis principles, challenges and current status of ADS research worldwide. A brief review of the progress of China's ADS research program is then presented, followed by an overview of the outlook for future developments.