학술논문
水环境样品体外生物测试效应触发值的研究进展 / Research Progress on Effect-Based Trigger Values for in vitro Bioassays of Environmental Water Samples
Document Type
Academic Journal
Author
Source
生态毒理学报 / Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology. 19(1):17-30
Subject
Language
Chinese
ISSN
1673-5897
Abstract
水环境样品综合毒性的体外生物测试可以直接获得水环境中众多污染物共存状态下的生物毒害信息,已成为水环境污染评估和诊断的重要手段之一.但由于目前没有用于判定水质优劣的毒性效应限值标准,导致其很难被用于水质管理.为此,越来越多的研究聚焦于推导体外生物测试的效应触发值(effect-based trigger value,EBT).本文综述了 EBT建立的背景和推导原则,并总结了以健康保护为目标和以生态保护为目标的多种EBT推导方法,其中针对饮用水水质的EBT以保护人体健康为前提,主要基于每日容许摄入量(allowable daily intake,ADI)、体内安全浓度、癌症发病率增加10％的每日剂量(TD10)和环境质量标准(environmental quality standard,EQS)中的水质指导值(guideline value,GV)推导,针对地表水的EBT以生态保护为目标,依据地表水EQS中的GV值和物种敏感度分布(SSD)曲线中的第5个百分位数的危险浓度(hazardous concentration,HC5)推导.本文系统比较了不同方法推导出的体外生物测试EBT值和特征,总结了 EBT在水环境中的应用,以期为高通量体外生物测试用于水质评估提供理论依据和技术支撑.
In vitro bioassays can directly obtain the toxicity information of numerous coexisting pollutants in water environment,and has become one of the important means for toxic effect evaluations and diagnosis.However,due to the lack of toxicity effect limit standards for determining the water quality,it is difficult to use bioassays for wa-ter quality management.Therefore,more and more research is focusing on deriving the effect-based trigger values(EBTs)of in vitro bioassays.This paper reviews the establishment background and derivation principles of EBTs,and summarizes a variety of derivation methods of EBTs.At present,the methods of derivation of EBTs are divided into two categories according to the protection objectives,one is the health protection objective and the other is the ecological protection objective.EBTs for drinking water are based on the premise of protecting human health and are based on allowable daily intake(ADI),in vivo safe concentration,daily dose of 10％increase in cancer inci-dence(TD10)and guideline values(GV)in environmental quality standard(EQS).While,EBTs for surface water,aiming at ecological protection,were derived based on GVs values in the EQS and hazardous concentrations at the 5th percentile(HC5)of the species sensitivity distribution(SSD).Derivation of EBTs from GV and HC5 are two widely used frameworks.The former is dedicated to reading EBT values from GV of EQS and trying to establish derivation methods that can be widely applied to various toxicity endpoints.The latter is to obtain HC5 values of positive compounds from the species sensitivity curve.At the same time,combined with the background parameters of the water body to be measured,the EBT value of the protection ecosystem was derived.This paper compares the EBT values and characteristics derived from different methods for in vitro bioassays and summarizes the applica-tion of EBTs in water environments in order to provide theoretical basis and technical support for high-throughput in vitro bioassays for water quality assessment.
In vitro bioassays can directly obtain the toxicity information of numerous coexisting pollutants in water environment,and has become one of the important means for toxic effect evaluations and diagnosis.However,due to the lack of toxicity effect limit standards for determining the water quality,it is difficult to use bioassays for wa-ter quality management.Therefore,more and more research is focusing on deriving the effect-based trigger values(EBTs)of in vitro bioassays.This paper reviews the establishment background and derivation principles of EBTs,and summarizes a variety of derivation methods of EBTs.At present,the methods of derivation of EBTs are divided into two categories according to the protection objectives,one is the health protection objective and the other is the ecological protection objective.EBTs for drinking water are based on the premise of protecting human health and are based on allowable daily intake(ADI),in vivo safe concentration,daily dose of 10％increase in cancer inci-dence(TD10)and guideline values(GV)in environmental quality standard(EQS).While,EBTs for surface water,aiming at ecological protection,were derived based on GVs values in the EQS and hazardous concentrations at the 5th percentile(HC5)of the species sensitivity distribution(SSD).Derivation of EBTs from GV and HC5 are two widely used frameworks.The former is dedicated to reading EBT values from GV of EQS and trying to establish derivation methods that can be widely applied to various toxicity endpoints.The latter is to obtain HC5 values of positive compounds from the species sensitivity curve.At the same time,combined with the background parameters of the water body to be measured,the EBT value of the protection ecosystem was derived.This paper compares the EBT values and characteristics derived from different methods for in vitro bioassays and summarizes the applica-tion of EBTs in water environments in order to provide theoretical basis and technical support for high-throughput in vitro bioassays for water quality assessment.