부산대학교 도서관

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is characterized by a biochemical triad of hyperglycemia, ketonemia, and acidemia, with rapid symptom onset. Common symptoms and signs include polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, weakness, weight loss, tachycardia, dry mucous membranes, poor skin turgor, hypotension, and, in severe cases, shock. Successful treatment includes correction of volume depletion, hyperglycemia, electrolyte imbalances, and comorbid precipitating events, with frequent monitoring. Complications of treatment include hypoglycemia, hypokalemia, hypoxemia, and rarely pulmonary edema. Cerebral edema, a rare but potentially rapidly fatal complication, occurs mainly in children. It may be prevented by avoiding overly rapid fluid and electrolyte replacement.