학술논문

Search for PeV Gamma-Ray Emission from the Southern Hemisphere with 5 Years of Data from the IceCube Observatory
Document Type
Working Paper
Author
Aartsen, M. G.Ackermann, M.Adams, J.Aguilar, J. A.Ahlers, M.Ahrens, M.Alispach, C.Andeen, K.Anderson, T.Ansseau, I.Anton, G.Argüelles, C.Auffenberg, J.Axani, S.Backes, P.Bagherpour, H.Bai, X.V., A. BalagopalBarbano, A.Barwick, S. W.Bastian, B.Baum, V.Baur, S.Bay, R.Beatty, J. J.Becker, K. -H.Tjus, J. BeckerBenZvi, S.Berley, D.Bernardini, E.Besson, D. Z.Binder, G.Bindig, D.Blaufuss, E.Blot, S.Bohm, C.Börner, M.Böser, S.Botner, O.Böttcher, J.Bourbeau, E.Bourbeau, J.Bradascio, F.Braun, J.Bron, S.Brostean-Kaiser, J.Burgman, A.Buscher, J.Busse, R. S.Carver, T.Chen, C.Cheung, E.Chirkin, D.Choi, S.Clark, K.Classen, L.Coleman, A.Collin, G. H.Conrad, J. M.Coppin, P.Correa, P.Cowen, D. F.Cross, R.Dave, P.De Clercq, C.DeLaunay, J. J.Dembinski, H.Deoskar, K.De Ridder, S.Desiati, P.de Vries, K. D.de Wasseige, G.de With, M.DeYoung, T.Diaz, A.Díaz-Vélez, J. C.Dujmovic, H.Dunkman, M.Dvorak, E.Eberhardt, B.Ehrhardt, T.Eller, P.Engel, R.Evenson, P. A.Fahey, S.Fazely, A. R.Felde, J.Filimonov, K.Finley, C.Franckowiak, A.Friedman, E.Fritz, A.Gaisser, T. K.Gallagher, J.Ganster, E.Garrappa, S.Gerhardt, L.Ghorbani, K.Glauch, T.Glüsenkamp, T.Goldschmidt, A.Gonzalez, J. G.Grant, D.Griffith, Z.Griswold, S.Günder, M.Gündüz, M.Haack, C.Hallgren, A.Halve, L.Halzen, F.Hanson, K.Haungs, A.Hebecker, D.Heereman, D.Heix, P.Helbing, K.Hellauer, R.Henningsen, F.Hickford, S.Hignight, J.Hill, G. C.Hoffman, K. D.Hoffmann, R.Hoinka, T.Hokanson-Fasig, B.Hoshina, K.Huang, F.Huber, M.Huber, T.Hultqvist, K.Hünnefeld, M.Hussain, R.In, S.Iovine, N.Ishihara, A.Japaridze, G. S.Jeong, M.Jero, K.Jones, B. J. P.Jonske, F.Joppe, R.Kang, D.Kang, W.Kappes, A.Kappesser, D.Karg, T.Karl, M.Karle, A.Katz, U.Kauer, M.Kelley, J. L.Kheirandish, A.Kim, J.Kintscher, T.Kiryluk, J.Kittler, T.Klein, S. R.Koirala, R.Kolanoski, H.Köpke, L.Kopper, C.Kopper, S.Koskinen, D. J.Kowalski, M.Krings, K.Krückl, G.Kulacz, N.Kurahashi, N.Kyriacou, A.Labare, M.Lanfranchi, J. L.Larson, M. J.Lauber, F.Lazar, J. P.Leonard, K.Leszczyńska, A.Leuermann, M.Liu, Q. R.Lohfink, E.Mariscal, C. J. LozanoLu, L.Lucarelli, F.Lünemann, J.Luszczak, W.Lyu, Y.Ma, W. Y.Madsen, J.Maggi, G.Mahn, K. B. M.Makino, Y.Mallik, P.Mallot, K.Mancina, S.Mariş, I. C.Maruyama, R.Mase, K.Maunu, R.McNally, F.Meagher, K.Medici, M.Medina, A.Meier, M.Meighen-Berger, S.Menne, T.Merino, G.Meures, T.Micallef, J.Mockler, D.Momenté, G.Montaruli, T.Moore, R. W.Morse, R.Moulai, M.Muth, P.Nagai, R.Naumann, U.Neer, G.Niederhausen, H.Nowicki, S. C.Nygren, D. R.Pollmann, A. ObertackeOehler, M.Olivas, A.O'Murchadha, A.O'Sullivan, E.Palczewski, T.Pandya, H.Pankova, D. V.Park, N.Peiffer, P.Heros, C. Pérez de losPhilippen, S.Pieloth, D.Pinat, E.Pizzuto, A.Plum, M.Porcelli, A.Price, P. B.Przybylski, G. T.Raab, C.Raissi, A.Rameez, M.Rauch, L.Rawlins, K.Rea, I. C.Reimann, R.Relethford, B.Renschler, M.Renzi, G.Resconi, E.Rhode, W.Richman, M.Robertson, S.Rongen, M.Rott, C.Ruhe, T.Ryckbosch, D.Rysewyk, D.Safa, I.Herrera, S. E. SanchezSandrock, A.Sandroos, J.Santander, M.Sarkar, S.Satalecka, K.Schaufel, M.Schieler, H.Schlunder, P.Schmidt, T.Schneider, A.Schneider, J.Schröder, F. G.Schumacher, L.Sclafani, S.Seckel, D.Seunarine, S.Shefali, S.Silva, M.Snihur, R.Soedingrekso, J.Soldin, D.Song, M.Spiczak, G. M.Spiering, C.Stachurska, J.Stamatikos, M.Stanev, T.Stein, R.Steinmüller, P.Stettner, J.Steuer, A.Stezelberger, T.Stokstad, R. G.Stössl, A.Strotjohann, N. L.Stürwald, T.Stuttard, T.Sullivan, G. W.Taboada, I.Tenholt, F.Ter-Antonyan, S.Terliuk, A.Tilav, S.Tollefson, K.Tomankova, L.Tönnis, C.Toscano, S.Tosi, D.Trettin, A.Tselengidou, M.Tung, C. F.Turcati, A.Turcotte, R.Turley, C. F.Ty, B.Unger, E.Elorrieta, M. A. UnlandUsner, M.Vandenbroucke, J.Van Driessche, W.van Eijk, D.van Eijndhoven, N.Vanheule, S.van Santen, J.Vraeghe, M.Walck, C.Wallace, A.Wallraff, M.Wandkowsky, N.Watson, T. B.Weaver, C.Weindl, A.Weiss, M. J.Weldert, J.Wendt, C.Werthebach, J.Whelan, B. J.Whitehorn, N.Wiebe, K.Wiebusch, C. H.Wille, L.Williams, D. R.Wills, L.Wolf, M.Wood, J.Wood, T. R.Woschnagg, K.Wrede, G.Xu, D. L.Xu, X. W.Xu, Y.Yanez, J. P.Yodh, G.Yoshida, S.Yuan, T.Zöcklein, M.
Source
The Astrophysical Journal, 891:9 (16pp), 2020 March 1
Subject
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Language
Abstract
The measurement of diffuse PeV gamma-ray emission from the Galactic plane would provide information about the energy spectrum and propagation of Galactic cosmic rays, and the detection of a point-like source of PeV gamma rays would be strong evidence for a Galactic source capable of accelerating cosmic rays up to at least a few PeV. This paper presents several un-binned maximum likelihood searches for PeV gamma rays in the Southern Hemisphere using 5 years of data from the IceTop air shower surface detector and the in-ice array of the IceCube Observatory. The combination of both detectors takes advantage of the low muon content and deep shower maximum of gamma-ray air showers, and provides excellent sensitivity to gamma rays between $\sim$0.6 PeV and 100 PeV. Our measurements of point-like and diffuse Galactic emission of PeV gamma rays are consistent with background, so we constrain the angle-integrated diffuse gamma-ray flux from the Galactic Plane at 2 PeV to $2.61 \times 10^{-19}$ cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$ TeV$^{-1}$ at 90% confidence, assuming an E$^{-3}$ spectrum, and we estimate 90% upper limits on point-like emission at 2 PeV between 10$^{-21}$ - 10$^{-20}$ cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$ TeV$^{-1}$ for an E$^{-2}$ spectrum, depending on declination. Furthermore, we exclude unbroken power-law emission up to 2 PeV for several TeV gamma-ray sources observed by H.E.S.S., and calculate upper limits on the energy cutoffs of these sources at 90% confidence. We also find no PeV gamma rays correlated with neutrinos from IceCube's high-energy starting event sample. These are currently the strongest constraints on PeV gamma-ray emission.
Comment: 22 pages, 16 figures