학술논문

Description of Atmospheric Conditions at the Pierre Auger Observatory using the Global Data Assimilation System (GDAS)
Document Type
Working Paper
Author
The Pierre Auger CollaborationAbreu, P.Aglietta, M.Ahlers, M.Ahn, E. J.Albuquerque, I. F. M.Allard, D.Allekotte, I.Allen, J.Allison, P.Almela, A.Castillo, J. AlvarezAlvarez-Muñiz, J.Ambrosio, M.Aminaei, A.Anchordoqui, L.Andringa, S.Antičić, T.Aramo, C.Arganda, E.Arqueros, F.Asorey, H.Assis, P.Aublin, J.Ave, M.Avenier, M.Avila, G.Bäcker, T.Badescu, A. M.Balzer, M.Barber, K. B.Barbosa, A. F.Bardenet, R.Barroso, S. L. C.Baughman, B.Bäuml, J.Beatty, J. J.Becker, B. R.Becker, K. H.Bellétoile, A.Bellido, J. A.BenZvi, S.Berat, C.Bertou, X.Biermann, P. L.Billoir, P.Blanco, F.Blanco, M.Bleve, C.Blümer, H.Boháčová, M.Boncioli, D.Bonifazi, C.Bonino, R.Borodai, N.Brack, J.Brancus, I.Brogueira, P.Brown, W. C.Bruijn, R.Buchholz, P.Bueno, A.Burton, R. E.Caballero-Mora, K. S.Caccianiga, B.Caramete, L.Caruso, R.Castellina, A.Catalano, O.Cataldi, G.Cazon, L.Cester, R.Chauvin, J.Cheng, S. H.Chiavassa, A.Chinellato, J. A.Diaz, J. ChirinosChudoba, J.Clay, R. W.Coluccia, M. R.Conceição, R.Contreras, F.Cook, H.Cooper, M. J.Coppens, J.Cordier, A.Coutu, S.Covault, C. E.Creusot, A.Criss, A.Cronin, J.Curutiu, A.Dagoret-Campagne, S.Dallier, R.Daniel, B.Dasso, S.Daumiller, K.Dawson, B. R.de Almeida, R. M.De Domenico, M.De Donato, C.de Jong, S. J.De La Vega, G.Junior, W. J. M. de MelloNeto, J. R. T. de MelloDe Mitri, I.de Souza, V.de Vries, K. D.del Peral, L.del Río, M.Deligny, O.Dembinski, H.Dhital, N.Di Giulio, C.Castro, M. L. DíazDiep, P. N.Diogo, F.Dobrigkeit, C.Docters, W.D'Olivo, J. C.Dong, P. N.Dorofeev, A.Anjos, J. C. dosDova, M. T.D'Urso, D.Dutan, I.Ebr, J.Engel, R.Erdmann, M.Escobar, C. O.Espadanal, J.Etchegoyen, A.Luis, P. Facal SanTapia, I. FajardoFalcke, H.Farrar, G.Fauth, A. C.Fazzini, N.Ferguson, A. P.Fick, B.Filevich, A.Filipčič, A.Fliescher, S.Fracchiolla, C. E.Fraenkel, E. D.Fratu, O.Fröhlich, U.Fuchs, B.Gaior, R.Gamarra, R. F.Gambetta, S.García, B.Roca, S. T. GarciaGarcia-Gamez, D.Garcia-Pinto, D.Gascon, A.Gemmeke, H.Ghia, P. L.Giaccari, U.Giller, M.Glass, H.Gold, M. S.Golup, G.Albarracin, F. GomezBerisso, M. GómezVitale, P. F. GómezGonçalves, P.Gonzalez, D.Gonzalez, J. G.Gookin, B.Gorgi, A.Gouffon, P.Grashorn, E.Grebe, S.Griffith, N.Grigat, M.Grillo, A. F.Guardincerri, Y.Guarino, F.Guedes, G. P.Guzman, A.Hansen, P.Harari, D.Harrison, T. A.Harton, J. L.Haungs, A.Hebbeker, T.Heck, D.Herve, A. E.Hojvat, C.Hollon, N.Holmes, V. C.Homola, P.Hörandel, J. R.Horneffer, A.Horvath, P.Hrabovský, M.Huber, D.Huege, T.Insolia, A.Ionita, F.Italiano, A.Jarne, C.Jiraskova, S.Josebachuili, M.Kadija, K.Kampert, K. H.Karhan, P.Kasper, P.Kégl, B.Keilhauer, B.Keivani, A.Kelley, J. L.Kemp, E.Kieckhafer, R. M.Klages, H. O.Kleifges, M.Kleinfeller, J.Knapp, J.Koang, D. -H.Kotera, K.Krohm, N.Krömer, O.Kruppke-Hansen, D.Kuehn, F.Kuempel, D.Kulbartz, J. K.Kunka, N.La Rosa, G.Lachaud, C.LaHurd, D.Latronico, L.Lauer, R.Lautridou, P.Coz, S. LeLeão, M. S. A. B.Lebrun, D.Lebrun, P.de Oliveira, M. A. LeiguiLetessier-Selvon, A.Lhenry-Yvon, I.Link, K.López, R.Agüera, A. LopezLouedec, K.Bahilo, J. LozanoLu, L.Lucero, A.Ludwig, M.Lyberis, H.Maccarone, M. C.Macolino, C.Maldera, S.Mandat, D.Mantsch, P.Mariazzi, A. G.Marin, J.Marin, V.Maris, I. C.Falcon, H. R. MarquezMarsella, G.Martello, D.Martin, L.Martinez, H.Bravo, O. MartínezMathes, H. J.Matthews, J.Matthews, J. A. J.Matthiae, G.Maurel, D.Maurizio, D.Mazur, P. O.Medina-Tanco, G.Melissas, M.Melo, D.Menichetti, E.Menshikov, A.Mertsch, P.Meurer, C.Mićanović, S.Micheletti, M. I.Minaya, I. A.Miramonti, L.Molina-Bueno, L.Mollerach, S.Monasor, M.Ragaigne, D. MonnierMontanet, F.Morales, B.Morello, C.Moreno, E.Moreno, J. C.Mostafá, M.Moura, C. A.Muller, M. A.Müller, G.Münchmeyer, M.Mussa, R.Navarra, G.Navarro, J. L.Navas, S.Necesal, P.Nellen, L.Nelles, A.Neuser, J.Nhung, P. T.Niechciol, M.Niemietz, L.Nierstenhoefer, N.Nitz, D.Nosek, D.Nožka, L.Oehlschläger, J.Olinto, A.Ortiz, M.Pacheco, N.Selmi-Dei, D. PakkPalatka, M.Pallotta, J.Palmieri, N.Parente, G.Parizot, E.Parra, A.Pastor, S.Paul, T.Pech, M.Pȩkala, J.Pelayo, R.Pepe, I. M.Perrone, L.Pesce, R.Petermann, E.Petrera, S.Petrinca, P.Petrolini, A.Petrov, Y.Pfendner, C.Piegaia, R.Pierog, T.Pieroni, P.Pimenta, M.Pirronello, V.Platino, M.Ponce, V. H.Pontz, M.Porcelli, A.Privitera, P.Prouza, M.Quel, E. J.Querchfeld, S.Rautenberg, J.Ravel, O.Ravignani, D.Revenu, B.Ridky, J.Riggi, S.Risse, M.Ristori, P.Rivera, H.Rizi, V.Roberts, J.de Carvalho, W. RodriguesRodriguez, G.Martino, J. RodriguezRojo, J. RodriguezRodriguez-Cabo, I.Rodríguez-Frías, M. D.Ros, G.Rosado, J.Rossler, T.Roth, M.Rouillé-d'Orfeuil, B.Roulet, E.Rovero, A. C.Rühle, C.Saftoiu, A.Salamida, F.Salazar, H.Greus, F. SalesaSalina, G.Sánchez, F.Santo, C. E.Santos, E.Santos, E. M.Sarazin, F.Sarkar, B.Sarkar, S.Sato, R.Scharf, N.Scherini, V.Schieler, H.Schiffer, P.Schmidt, A.Scholten, O.Schoorlemmer, H.Schovancova, J.Schovánek, P.Schröder, F.Schulte, S.Schuster, D.Sciutto, S. J.Scuderi, M.Segreto, A.Settimo, M.Shadkam, A.Shellard, R. C.Sidelnik, I.Sigl, G.Lopez, H. H. SilvaSima, O.Śmiałkowski, A.Šmída, R.Snow, G. R.Sommers, P.Sorokin, J.Spinka, H.Squartini, R.Srivastava, Y. N.Stanic, S.Stapleton, J.Stasielak, J.Stephan, M.Stutz, A.Suarez, F.Suomijärvi, T.Supanitsky, A. D.Šuša, T.Sutherland, M. S.Swain, J.Szadkowski, Z.Szuba, M.Tapia, A.Tartare, M.Taşcău, O.Ruiz, C. G. TaveraTcaciuc, R.Thao, N. T.Thomas, D.Tiffenberg, J.Timmermans, C.Tkaczyk, W.Peixoto, C. J. ToderoToma, G.Tomankova, L.Tomé, B.Tonachini, A.Travnicek, P.Tridapalli, D. B.Tristram, G.Trovato, E.Tueros, M.Ulrich, R.Unger, M.Urban, M.Galicia, J. F. ValdésValiño, I.Valore, L.Berg, A. M. van denVarela, E.Cárdenas, B. VargasVázquez, J. R.Vázquez, R. A.Veberič, D.Verzi, V.Vicha, J.Videla, M.Villaseñor, L.Wahlberg, H.Wahrlich, P.Wainberg, O.Walz, D.Watson, A. A.Weber, M.Weidenhaupt, K.Weindl, A.Werner, F.Westerhoff, S.Whelan, B. J.Widom, A.Wieczorek, G.Wiencke, L.Wilczyńska, B.Wilczyński, H.Will, M.Williams, C.Winchen, T.Wommer, M.Wundheiler, B.Yamamoto, T.Yapici, T.Younk, P.Yuan, G.Yushkov, A.Zamorano, B.Zas, E.Zavrtanik, D.Zavrtanik, M.Zaw, I.Zepeda, A.Zhu, Y.Silva, M. ZimbresZiolkowski, M.
Source
Astropart. Phys. 35 (2012) 591-607
Subject
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Language
Abstract
Atmospheric conditions at the site of a cosmic ray observatory must be known for reconstructing observed extensive air showers. The Global Data Assimilation System (GDAS) is a global atmospheric model predicated on meteorological measurements and numerical weather predictions. GDAS provides altitude-dependent profiles of the main state variables of the atmosphere like temperature, pressure, and humidity. The original data and their application to the air shower reconstruction of the Pierre Auger Observatory are described. By comparisons with radiosonde and weather station measurements obtained on-site in Malarg\"ue and averaged monthly models, the utility of the GDAS data is shown.