학술논문
Three short-period Earth-sized planets around M dwarfs discovered by TESS: TOI-5720b, TOI-6008b and TOI-6086b
Document Type
Working Paper
Author
Barkaoui, K.; Schwarz, R. P.; Narita, N.; Mistry, P.; Magliano, C.; Hirano, T.; Maity, M.; Burgasser, A. J.; Rackham, B. V.; Murgas, F.; Pozuelos, F. J.; Stassun, K. G.; Everett, M. E.; Ciardi, D. R.; Lamman, C.; Pass, E. K.; Aganze, C.; Esparza-Borges, E.; Collins, K. A.; Covone, G.; de Leon, J.; D'evora-Pajares, M.; de Wit, J.; Fukuda, Izuru; Fukui, A.; Gerasimov, R.; Gillon, M.; Hayashi, Y.; Howell, S. B.; Ikoma, M.; Ikuta, K.; Jenkins, J. M.; Karpoor, P. R.; Kawai, Y.; Kimura, T.; Kotani, T.; Latham, D. W.; Mori, M.; Palle, E.; Parviainen, H.; Patel, Y. G.; Ricker, G.; Relles, H. M.; Shporer, A.; Seager, S.; Softich, E.; Srdoc, G.; Tamura, M.; Theissen, C. A.; Twicken, J. D.; Vanderspek, R.; Watanabe, N.; Watkins, C. N.; Winn, J. N.; Wohler, B.
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Abstract
One of the main goals of the NASA's TESS (Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite) mission is the discovery of Earth-like planets around nearby M-dwarf stars. Here, we present the discovery and validation of three new short-period Earth-sized planets orbiting nearby M-dwarfs: TOI- 5720b, TOI-6008b and TOI-6086b. We combined TESS data, ground-based multi-color light curves, ground-based optical and near-infrared spectroscopy, and Subaru/IRD RVs data to validate the planetary candidates and constrain the physical parameters of the systems. In addition, we used archival images, high-resolution imaging, and statistical validation techniques to support the planetary validation. TOI-5720b is a planet with a radius of Rp=1.09 Re orbiting a nearby (23 pc) M2.5 host, with an orbital period of P=1.43 days. It has an equilibrium temperature of Teq=708 K and an incident flux of Sp=41.7 Se. TOI-6008b has a period of P=0.86 day, a radius of Rp=1.03 Re, an equilibrium temperature of Teq=707 K and an incident flux of Sp=41.5 Se. The host star (TOI-6008) is a nearby (36 pc) M5 with an effective temperature of Teff=3075 K. Based on the RV measurements collected with Subaru/IRD, we set a 3-sigma upper limit of Mp<4 M_Earth, thus ruling out a star or brown dwarf as the transiting companion. TOI-6086b orbits its nearby (31 pc) M3 host star (Teff=3200 K) every 1.39 days, and has a radius of Rp=1.18 Re, an equilibrium temperature of Teq=634 K and an incident flux of Sp=26.8 Se. Additional high precision radial velocity measurements are needed to derive the planetary masses and bulk densities, and to search for additional planets in the systems. Moreover, short-period earth-sized planets orbiting around nearby M-dwarfs are suitable targets for atmospheric characterization with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) through transmission and emission spectroscopy, and phase curve photometry.
Comment: 27 pages, 21 figures, Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Comment: 27 pages, 21 figures, Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics