학술논문

Constraining the p-mode--g-mode tidal instability with GW170817
Document Type
Working Paper
Author
The LIGO Scientific CollaborationThe Virgo CollaborationAbbott, B. P.Abbott, R.Abbott, T. D.Acernese, F.Ackley, K.Adams, C.Adams, T.Addesso, P.Adhikari, R. X.Adya, V. B.Affeldt, C.Agarwal, B.Agathos, M.Agatsuma, K.Aggarwal, N.Aguiar, O. D.Aiello, L.Ain, A.Ajith, P.Allen, B.Allen, G.Allocca, A.Aloy, M. A.Altin, P. A.Amato, A.Ananyeva, A.Anderson, S. B.Anderson, W. G.Angelova, S. V.Antier, S.Appert, S.Arai, K.Araya, M. C.Areeda, J. S.Arène, M.Arnaud, N.Arun, K. G.Ascenzi, S.Ashton, G.Ast, M.Aston, S. M.Astone, P.Atallah, D. V.Aubin, F.Aufmuth, P.Aulbert, C.AultONeal, K.Austin, C.Avila-Alvarez, A.Babak, S.Bacon, P.Badaracco, F.Bader, M. K. M.Bae, S.Baker, P. T.Baldaccini, F.Ballardin, G.Ballmer, S. W.Banagiri, S.Barayoga, J. C.Barclay, S. E.Barish, B. C.Barker, D.Barkett, K.Barnum, S.Barone, F.Barr, B.Barsotti, L.Barsuglia, M.Barta, D.Bartlett, J.Bartos, I.Bassiri, R.Basti, A.Batch, J. C.Bawaj, M.Bayley, J. C.Bazzan, M.Bécsy, B.Beer, C.Bejger, M.Belahcene, I.Bell, A. S.Beniwal, D.Bensch, M.Berger, B. K.Bergmann, G.Bernuzzi, S.Bero, J. J.Berry, C. P. L.Bersanetti, D.Bertolini, A.Betzwieser, J.Bhandare, R.Bilenko, I. A.Bilgili, S. A.Billingsley, G.Billman, C. R.Birch, J.Birney, R.Birnholtz, O.Biscans, S.Biscoveanu, S.Bisht, A.Bitossi, M.Bizouard, M. A.Blackburn, J. K.Blackman, J.Blair, C. D.Blair, D. G.Blair, R. M.Bloemen, S.Bock, O.Bode, N.Boer, M.Boetzel, Y.Bogaert, G.Bohe, A.Bondu, F.Bonilla, E.Bonnand, R.Booker, P.Boom, B. A.Booth, C. D.Bork, R.Boschi, V.Bose, S.Bossie, K.Bossilkov, V.Bosveld, J.Bouffanais, Y.Bozzi, A.Bradaschia, C.Brady, P. R.Bramley, A.Branchesi, M.Brau, J. E.Briant, T.Brighenti, F.Brillet, A.Brinkmann, M.Brockill, P.Brooks, A. F.Brown, D. D.Brunett, S.Buchanan, C. C.Buikema, A.Bulik, T.Bulten, H. J.Buonanno, A.Buskulic, D.Buy, C.Byer, R. L.Cabero, M.Cadonati, L.Cagnoli, G.Cahillane, C.Bustillo, J. CalderónCallister, T. A.Calloni, E.Camp, J. B.Canepa, M.Canizares, P.Cannon, K. C.Cao, H.Cao, J.Capano, C. 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Source
Phys. Rev. Lett. 122, 061104 (2019)
Subject
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Language
Abstract
We analyze the impact of a proposed tidal instability coupling $p$-modes and $g$-modes within neutron stars on GW170817. This non-resonant instability transfers energy from the orbit of the binary to internal modes of the stars, accelerating the gravitational-wave driven inspiral. We model the impact of this instability on the phasing of the gravitational wave signal using three parameters per star: an overall amplitude, a saturation frequency, and a spectral index. Incorporating these additional parameters, we compute the Bayes Factor ($\ln B^{pg}_{!pg}$) comparing our $p$-$g$ model to a standard one. We find that the observed signal is consistent with waveform models that neglect $p$-$g$ effects, with $\ln B^{pg}_{!pg} = 0.03^{+0.70}_{-0.58}$ (maximum a posteriori and 90% credible region). By injecting simulated signals that do not include $p$-$g$ effects and recovering them with the $p$-$g$ model, we show that there is a $\simeq 50\%$ probability of obtaining similar $\ln B^{pg}_{!pg}$ even when $p$-$g$ effects are absent. We find that the $p$-$g$ amplitude for 1.4 $M_\odot$ neutron stars is constrained to $\lesssim \text{few}\times10^{-7}$, with maxima a posteriori near $\sim 10^{-7}$ and $p$-$g$ saturation frequency $\sim 70\, \mathrm{Hz}$. This suggests that there are less than a few hundred excited modes, assuming they all saturate by wave breaking. For comparison, theoretical upper bounds suggest a $p$-$g$ amplitude $\lesssim 10^{-6}$ and $\lesssim 10^{3}$ modes saturating by wave breaking. Thus, the measured constraints only rule out extreme values of the $p$-$g$ parameters. They also imply that the instability dissipates $\lesssim 10^{51}\, \mathrm{ergs}$ over the entire inspiral, i.e., less than a few percent of the energy radiated as gravitational waves.
Comment: 7 pages, 2 figures