학술논문
Observations of Low and Intermediate Spectral Peak Blazars with the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer
Document Type
Working Paper
Author
Marshall, Herman L.; Liodakis, Ioannis; Marscher, Alan P.; Di Lalla, Niccolo; Jorstad, Svetlana G.; Kim, Dawoon E.; Middei, Riccardo; Negro, Michela; Omodei, Nicola; Peirson, Abel L.; Perri, Matteo; Puccetti, Simonetta; Agudo, Ivan; Bonnoli, Giacomo; Berdyugin, Andrei V.; Cavazzuti, Elisabetta; Cavero, Nicole Rodriguez; Donnarumma, Immacolata; Di Gesu, Laura; Jormanainen, Jenni; Krawczynski, Henric; Lindfors, Elina; Marin, Frederic; Massaro, Francesco; Pacciani, Luigi; Poutanen, Juri; Tavecchio, Fabrizio; Kouch, Pouya M.; Aceituno, Francisco Jose; Bernardos, Maria I.; Casanova, Victor; Garcia-Comas, Maya; Agis-Gonzalez, Beatriz; Husillos, Cesar; Marchini, Alessandro; Sota, Alfredo; Blinov, Dmitry; Bourbah, Ioakeim G.; Kielhmann, Sebastian; Kontopodis, Evangelos; Mandarakas, Nikos; Romanopoulos, Stylianos; Skalidis, Raphael; Vervelaki, Anna; Borman, George A.; Kopatskaya, Evgenia N.; Larionova, Elena G.; Morozova, Daria A.; Savchenko, Sergey S.; Vasilyev, Andrey A.; Zhovtan, Alexey V.; Casadio, Carolina; Escudero, Juan; Kramer, Joana; Myserlis, Ioannis; Trainou, Efthalia; Imazawa, Ryo; Sasada, Mahito; Fukazawa, Yasushi; Kawabata, Koji S.; Uemura, Makoto; Mizuno, Tsunefumi; Nakaoka, Tatsuya; Akitaya, Hiroshi; Masiero, Joseph R.; Mawet, Dimitri; Millar-Blanchaer, Maxwell A.; Panopoulou, Georgia V.; Tinyanont, Samaporn; Kagitani, Masato; Kravtsov, Vadim; Sakanoi, Takeshi; Antonelli, Lucio A.; Bachetti, Matteo; Baldini, Luca; Baumgartner, Wayne H.; Bellazzini, Ronaldo; Bianchi, Stefano; Bongiorno, Stephen D.; Bonino, Raffaella; Brez, Alessandro; Bucciantini, Niccolo; Capitanio, Fiamma; Castellano, Simone; Chen, Chen-Ting; Ciprini, Stefano; Costa, Enrico; De Rosa, Alessandra; Del Monte, Ettore; Di Marco, Alessandro; Doroshenko, Victor; Dovvciak, Michal; Ehlert, Steven R.; Enoto, Teruaki; Evangelista, Yuri; Fabiani, Sergio; Ferrazzoli, Riccardo; Garcia, Javier A.; Gunji, Shuichi; Hayashida, Kiyoshi; Heyl, Jeremy; Iwakiri, Wataru; Kaaret, Philip; Karas, Vladimir; Kislat, Fabian; Kitaguchi, Takao; Kolodziejczak, Jeffery J.; La Monaca, Fabio; Latronico, Luca; Maldera, Simone; Manfreda, Alberto; Marinucci, Andrea; Matt, Giorgio; Mitsuishi, Ikuyuki; Muleri, Fabio; Ng, C. -Y.; ODell, Stephen L.; Oppedisano, Chiara; Papitto, Alessandro; Pavlov, George G.; Pesce-Rollins, Melissa; Petrucci, Pierre-Olivier; Pilia, Maura; Possenti, Andrea; Ramsey, Brian D.; Rankin, John; Ratheesh, Ajay; Roberts, Oliver J.; Romani, Roger W.; Sgro, Carmelo; Slane, Patrick; Soffitta, Paolo; Spandre, Gloria; Swartz, Douglas A.; Tamagawa, Toru; Taverna, Roberto; Tawara, Yuzuru; Tennant, Allyn F.; Thomas, Nicholas E.; Tombesi, Francesco; Trois, Alessio; Tsygankov, Sergey S.; Turolla, Roberto; Vink, Jacco; Weisskopf, Martin C.; Wu, Kinwah; Xie, Fei; Zane, Silvia
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Subject
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Abstract
We present X-ray polarimetry observations from the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) of three low spectral peak and one intermediate spectral peak blazars, namely 3C 273, 3C 279, 3C 454.3, and S5 0716+714. For none of these objects was IXPE able to detect X-ray polarization at the 3$\sigma$ level. However, we placed upper limits on the polarization degree at $\sim$10-30\%. The undetected polarizations favor models where the X-ray band is dominated by unpolarized photons upscattered by relativistic electrons in the jets of blazars, although hadronic models are not completely eliminated. We discuss the X-ray polarization upper limits in the context of our contemporaneous multiwavelength polarization campaigns.
Comment: 19 pages, 10 figures, 6 tables; submitted to the Astrophysical Journal
Comment: 19 pages, 10 figures, 6 tables; submitted to the Astrophysical Journal