학술논문
CUBES, the Cassegrain U-Band Efficient Spectrograph
Document Type
Working Paper
Author
Cristiani, S.; Alcalá, J. M.; Alencar, S. H. P.; Balashev, S. A.; Bastian, N.; Barbuy, B.; Battino, U.; Calcines, A.; Calderone, G.; Cambianica, P.; Carini, R.; Carter, B.; Cassisi, S.; Castilho, B. V.; Cescutti, G.; Christlieb, N.; Cirami, R.; Coretti, I.; Cooke, R.; Covino, S.; Cremonese, G.; Cunha, K.; Cupani, G.; da Silva, A. R.; De Caprio, V.; De Cia, A.; Dekker, H.; D'Elia, V.; De Silva, G.; Diaz, M.; Di Marcantonio, P.; D'Auria, D.; D'Odorico, V.; Fitzsimmons, A.; Ernandes, H.; Evans, C.; Franchini, M.; Genoni, M.; Gänsicke, B.; Giribaldi, R. E.; Gneiding, C.; Grazian, A.; Hansen, C. J.; La Forgia, F.; Landoni, M.; Lazzarin, M.; Lunney, D.; Maciel, W.; Marcolino, W.; Marconi, M.; Migliorini, A.; Miller, C.; Noterdaeme, P.; Opitom, C.; Pariani, G.; Pilecki, B.; Piranomonte, S.; Quirrenbach, A.; Redaelli, E. M. A.; Pereira, C. B.; Randich, S.; Rossi, S.; Sanchez-Janssen, R.; Seifert, W.; Smiljanic, R.; Snodgrass, C.; Stilz, I.; Stürmer, J.; Vanzella, E.; Ventura, P.; Verducci, O.; Waring, C.; Watson, S.; Wells, M.; Wright, D.; Zafar, T.; Zanutta, A.
Source
Subject
Language
Abstract
In the era of Extremely Large Telescopes, the current generation of 8-10m facilities are likely to remain competitive at ground-UV wavelengths for the foreseeable future. The Cassegrain U-Band Efficient Spectrograph (CUBES) has been designed to provide high-efficiency (>40%) observations in the near UV (305-400 nm requirement, 300-420 nm goal) at a spectral resolving power of R>20,000 (with a lower-resolution, sky-limited mode of R ~ 7,000). With the design focusing on maximizing the instrument throughput (ensuring a Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) ~20 per high-resolution element at 313 nm for U ~18.5 mag objects in 1h of observations), it will offer new possibilities in many fields of astrophysics, providing access to key lines of stellar spectra: a tremendous diversity of iron-peak and heavy elements, lighter elements (in particular Beryllium) and light-element molecules (CO, CN, OH), as well as Balmer lines and the Balmer jump (particularly important for young stellar objects). The UV range is also critical in extragalactic studies: the circumgalactic medium of distant galaxies, the contribution of different types of sources to the cosmic UV background, the measurement of H2 and primordial Deuterium in a regime of relatively transparent intergalactic medium, and follow-up of explosive transients. The CUBES project completed a Phase A conceptual design in June 2021 and has now entered the detailed design and construction phase. First science operations are planned for 2028.
Comment: SPIE proceedings, SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation 2022, Montr\'eal, Canada; 20 pages, 13 figures, 2 tables
Comment: SPIE proceedings, SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation 2022, Montr\'eal, Canada; 20 pages, 13 figures, 2 tables