학술논문
Orbital decay in an accreting and eclipsing 13.7 minute orbital period binary with a luminous donor
Document Type
Working Paper
Author
Burdge, Kevin B.; El-Badry, Kareem; Rappaport, Saul; Wong, Tin Long Sunny; Bauer, Evan B.; Bildsten, Lars; Caiazzo, Ilaria; Chakrabarty, Deepto; Chickles, Emma; Graham, Matthew J.; Kara, Erin; Kulkarni, S. R.; Marsh, Thomas R.; Nynka, Melania; Prince, Thomas A.; Simcoe, Robert A.; van Roestel, Jan; Vanderbosch, Zach; Bellm, Eric C.; Dekany, Richard G.; Drake, Andrew J.; Helou, George; Masci, Frank J.; Milburn, Jennifer; Riddle, Reed; Rusholme, Ben; Smith, Roger
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Subject
Language
Abstract
We report the discovery of ZTF J0127+5258, a compact mass-transferring binary with an orbital period of 13.7 minutes. The system contains a white dwarf accretor, which likely originated as a post-common envelope carbon-oxygen (CO) white dwarf, and a warm donor ($T_{\rm eff,\,donor}= 16,400\pm1000\,\rm K$). The donor probably formed during a common envelope phase between the CO white dwarf and an evolving giant which left behind a helium star or helium white dwarf in a close orbit with the CO white dwarf. We measure gravitational wave-driven orbital inspiral with $\sim 35\sigma$ significance, which yields a joint constraint on the component masses and mass transfer rate. While the accretion disk in the system is dominated by ionized helium emission, the donor exhibits a mixture of hydrogen and helium absorption lines. Phase-resolved spectroscopy yields a donor radial-velocity semi-amplitude of $771\pm27\,\rm km\, s^{-1}$, and high-speed photometry reveals that the system is eclipsing. We detect a {\it Chandra} X-ray counterpart with $L_{X}\sim 3\times 10^{31}\,\rm erg\,s^{-1}$. Depending on the mass-transfer rate, the system will likely evolve into either a stably mass-transferring helium CV, merge to become an R Crb star, or explode as a Type Ia supernova in the next million years. We predict that the Laser Space Interferometer Antenna (LISA) will detect the source with a signal-to-noise ratio of $24\pm6$ after 4 years of observations. The system is the first \emph{LISA}-loud mass-transferring binary with an intrinsically luminous donor, a class of sources that provide the opportunity to leverage the synergy between optical and infrared time domain surveys, X-ray facilities, and gravitational-wave observatories to probe general relativity, accretion physics, and binary evolution.
Comment: 13 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables, submitted to ApJL
Comment: 13 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables, submitted to ApJL