학술논문
A structured jet explains the extreme GRB 221009A
Document Type
Working Paper
Author
O'Connor, B.; Troja, E.; Ryan, G.; Beniamini, P.; van Eerten, H.; Granot, J.; Dichiara, S.; Ricci, R.; Lipunov, V.; Gillanders, J. H.; Gill, R.; Moss, M.; Anand, S.; Andreoni, I.; Becerra, R. L.; Buckley, D. A. H.; Butler, N. R.; Cenko, S. B.; Chasovnikov, A.; Durbak, J.; Francile, C.; Hammerstein, E.; van der Horst, A. J.; Kasliwal, M.; Kouveliotou, C.; Kutyrev, A. S.; Lee, W. H.; Srinivasaragavan, G.; Topolev, V.; Watson, A. M.; Yang, Y. H.; Zhirkov, K.
Source
Subject
Language
Abstract
Long duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are powerful cosmic explosions, signaling the death of massive stars. Among them, GRB 221009A is by far the brightest burst ever observed. Due to its enormous energy ($E_\textrm{iso}\!\approx$10$^{55}$ erg) and proximity ($z\!\approx$0.15), GRB 221009A is an exceptionally rare event that pushes the limits of our theories. We present multi-wavelength observations covering the first three months of its afterglow evolution. The X-ray brightness decays as a power-law with slope $\approx\!t^{-1.66}$, which is not consistent with standard predictions for jetted emission. We attribute this behavior to a shallow energy profile of the relativistic jet. A similar trend is observed in other energetic GRBs, suggesting that the most extreme explosions may be powered by structured jets launched by a common central engine.
Comment: Submitted version. 53 pages, 9 figures, 6 tables
Comment: Submitted version. 53 pages, 9 figures, 6 tables