학술논문
BICEP Array: 150 GHz detector module development
Document Type
Working Paper
Author
Schillaci, A.; Ade, P. A. R.; Ahmed, Z.; Amiri, M.; Barkats, D.; Thakur, R. Basu; Bischoff, C. A.; Beck, D.; Bock, J. J.; Buza, V.; Cheshire, J.; Connors, J.; Cornelison, J.; Crumrine, M.; Cukierman, A.; Denison, E.; Dierickx, M.; Duband, L.; Eiben, M.; Fatigoni, S.; Filippini, J. P.; Giannakopoulos, C.; Goeckner-Wald, N.; Goldfinger, D.; Grayson, J. A.; Grimes, P.; Hall, G.; Halal, G.; Halpern, M.; Hand, E.; Harrison, S.; Henderson, S.; Hildebrandt, S. R.; Hilton, G. C.; Hubmayr, J.; Hui, H.; Irwin, K. D.; Kang, J.; Karkare, K. S.; Kefeli, S.; Kovac, J. M.; Kuo, C. L.; Lau, K.; Leitch, E. M.; Lennox, A.; Megerian, K. G.; Miller, O. Y.; Minutolo, L.; Moncelsi, L.; Nakato, Y.; Namikawa, T.; Nguyen, H. T.; Brient, R. O'; Palladino, S.; Petroff, M.; Precup, N.; Prouve, T.; Pryke, C.; Racine, B.; Reintsema, C. D.; Schmitt, B. L.; Singari, B.; Soliman, A.; Germaine, T. St.; Steinbach, B.; Sudiwala, R. V.; Thompson, K. L.; Tucker, C.; Turner, A. D.; Umiltá, C.; Verges, C.; Vieregg, A. G.; Wandui, A.; Weber, A. C.; Wiebe, D. V.; Willmert, J.; Wu, W. L. K.; Yang, E.; Yoon, K. W.; Young, E.; Yu, C.; Zeng, L.; Zhang, C.; Zhang, S.
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Abstract
The BICEP/Keck Collaboration is currently leading the quest to the highest sensitivity measurements of the polarized CMB anisotropies on degree scale with a series of cryogenic telescopes, of which BICEP Array is the latest Stage-3 upgrade with a total of $\sim32,000$ detectors. The instrument comprises 4 receivers spanning 30 to 270 GHz, with the low-frequency 30/40 GHz deployed to the South Pole Station in late 2019. The full complement of receivers is forecast to set the most stringent constraints on the tensor to scalar ratio $r$. Building on these advances, the overarching small-aperture telescope concept is already being used as the reference for further Stage-4 experiment design. In this paper I will present the development of the BICEP Array 150 GHz detector module and its fabrication requirements, with highlights on the high-density time division multiplexing (TDM) design of the cryogenic circuit boards. The low-impedance wiring required between the detectors and the first-stage SQUID amplifiers is crucial to maintain a stiff voltage bias on the detectors. A novel multi-layer FR4 Printed Circuit Board (PCB) with superconducting traces, capable of reading out up to 648 detectors, is presented along with its validation tests. I will also describe an ultra-high density TDM detector module we developed for a CMB-S4-like experiment that allows up to 1,920 detectors to be read out. TDM has been chosen as the detector readout technology for the Cosmic Microwave Background Stage-4 (CMB-S4) experiment based on its proven low-noise performance, predictable costs and overall maturity of the architecture. The heritage for TDM is rooted in mm- and submm-wave experiments dating back 20 years and has since evolved to support a multiplexing factor of 64x in Stage-3 experiments.
Comment: 9 pages, 5 figure, Proceeding of LTD19 submitted to Journal of Low Temperature Physics
Comment: 9 pages, 5 figure, Proceeding of LTD19 submitted to Journal of Low Temperature Physics