부산대학교 도서관

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe majority of existing studies aimed at investigating the incidence and prevalence of multidrug-resistance by bacteria have been performed in healthcare settings. Relatively few studies have been conducted in community settings, but these have consistently shown a high prevalence of multidrug-resistant bacteria in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).ObjectivesTo provide an appraisal of the evidence on the high prevalence of multidrug-, extensive drug-, and pandrug-resistance in commensal Escherichia coliisolates from human sources in community settings in LMICs.MethodsUsing the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, PubMed, EMBASE, MEDLINE, Web of Science, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched with the search string: ‘Enterobacteriaceae’, OR ‘E. coli’, OR ‘Escherichia coli’, AND ‘antibiotic resistance’, OR ‘antimicrobial resistance’, OR ‘drug-resistance’, AND ‘prevalence’, OR ‘incidence’, OR ‘morbidity’, OR ‘odds ratio’, OR ‘risk ratio’, OR ‘confidence interval’, OR ‘p-value’, OR ‘rate’. Data were extracted and proportional meta-analysis was performed using the Freeman–Tukey transformation random effect model.ResultsThe prevalence of multidrug-, extensive drug- and pandrug-resistance were extracted from articles that met our inclusion criteria and pooled together after a systematic screening of 9,369 items. The prevalence of multidrug-resistance was 28% of 14,336 total cases of isolates tested, 95% CI: 23–32. Extensive drug-resistance was 24% of 8,686 total cases of isolates tested, 95% CI: 14–36. Lastly, pandrug-resistance was 5% of 5,670 total cases of isolates tested, 95% CI: 3–8.ConclusionThis paper provides an appraisal of the evidence on the high prevalence of multidrug-, extensive drug- and pandrug-resistance by commensal E. coliin community settings in LMICs. Our results call for greater effort to be placed at the community level in the design of new and improved public health policies to counter the global threat of antibiotic-resistant infections and bacteria.