학술논문
TNFα-producing CD4+T cells dominate the SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell response in COVID-19 outpatients and are associated with durable antibodies
Document Type
Article
Author
van der Ploeg, Kattria; Kirosingh, Adam S.; Mori, Diego A.M.; Chakraborty, Saborni; Hu, Zicheng; Sievers, Benjamin L.; Jacobson, Karen B.; Bonilla, Hector; Parsonnet, Julie; Andrews, Jason R.; Press, Kathleen D.; Ty, Maureen C.; Ruiz-Betancourt, Daniel R.; Parte, Lauren de la; Tan, Gene S.; Blish, Catherine A.; Takahashi, Saki; Rodriguez-Barraquer, Isabel; Greenhouse, Bryan; Singh, Upinder; Wang, Taia T.; Jagannathan, Prasanna
Source
Cell Reports Medicine; 20220101, Issue: Preprints
Subject
Language
ISSN
26663791
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4+T cells are likely important in immunity against COVID-19, but our understanding of CD4+longitudinal dynamics following infection, and specific features that correlate with the maintenance of neutralizing antibodies, remains limited. Here, we characterize SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4+T cells in a longitudinal cohort of 109 COVID-19 outpatients enrolled during acute infection. The quality of the SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4+response shifts from cells producing IFNγ to TNFα from five days to four months post-enrollment, with IFNγ-IL21-TNFα+CD4+T cells the predominant population detected at later timepoints. Greater percentages of IFNγ-IL21-TNFα+CD4+T cells on day 28 correlate with SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies measured seven months post-infection (⍴=0.4, P=0.01). mRNA vaccination following SARS-CoV-2 infection boosts both IFNγ and TNFα producing, spike protein-specific CD4+T cells. These data suggest that SARS-CoV-2-specific, TNFα-producing CD4+T cells may play an important role in antibody maintenance following COVID-19.