학술논문
Results of international standardised beekeeper surveys of colony losses for winter 2012–2013: analysis of winter loss rates and mixed effects modelling of risk factors for winter loss
Document Type
Article
Author
Zee, Romée van der; Brodschneider, Robert; Brusbardis, Valters; Charrière, Jean-Daniel; Chlebo, Róbert; Coffey, Mary F; Dahle, Bjørn; Drazic, Marica M; Kauko, Lassi; Kretavicius, Justinas; Kristiansen, Preben; Mutinelli, Franco; Otten, Christoph; Peterson, Magnus; Raudmets, Aivar; Santrac, Violeta; Seppälä, Ari; Soroker, Victoria; Topolska, Grażyna; Vejsnæs, Flemming; Gray, Alison
Source
Journal of Apicultural Research; January 2014, Vol. 53 Issue: 1 p19-34, 16p
Subject
Language
ISSN
00218839; 20786913
Abstract
SummaryThis article presents results of an analysis of winter losses of honey bee colonies from 19 mainly European countries, most of which implemented the standardised 2013 COLOSS questionnaire. Generalised linear mixed effects models (GLMMs) were used to investigate the effects of several factors on the risk of colony loss, including different treatments for Varroa destructor, allowing for random effects of beekeeper and region. Both winter and summer treatments were considered, and the most common combinations of treatment and timing were used to define treatment factor levels. Overall and within country colony loss rates are presented. Significant factors in the model were found to be: percentage of young queens in the colonies before winter, extent of queen problems in summer, treatment of the varroa mite, and access by foraging honey bees to oilseed rape and maize. Spatial variation at the beekeeper level is shown across geographical regions using random effects from the fitted models, both before and after allowing for the effect of the significant terms in the model. This spatial variation is considerable.