부산대학교 도서관

Thin films based on the tolyl‐substituted oligothiophenes 5,5′′‐bis(4‐methylphenyl)‐2,2′:5′,2′′‐terthiophene (1), 5,5′′′‐bis(4‐methylphenyl)‐2,2′:5′,2′′:5′′,2′′′‐quaterthiophene (2) and 5,5′′′′‐bis(4‐methylphenyl)‐2,2′:5′,2′′:5′′,2′′′:5′′′,2′′′′‐quinqethiophene (3) exhibit hole‐transport behavior in a thin‐film transistor (TFT) configuration, with reasonable mobilities and high current on/off (Ion/Ioff) ratios. Powder X‐ray diffraction (PXRD) reveals that these films, grown by vacuum deposition onto the thermally grown silicon oxide surface of a TFT, are highly crystalline, a characteristic that can be attributed to the general tendency of phenyl groups to promote crystallinity. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) reveals that the films grow layer by layer to form large domains, with some basal domain areas approaching 1000 μm2. The PXRD and AFM data are consistent with an “end‐on” orientation of the molecules on the oxide substrate. Variable‐temperature current–voltage (I–V) measurements identified the activation regime for hole transport and revealed shallow level traps in thin films of 1and 2, and both shallow and deep level traps in thin films of 3. The activation energies for thin films of 1,2, and3were similar, with values of Ea= 121, 100, and 109 meV, respectively. The corresponding trap densities were Ntrap/Nv= 0.012, 0.023, and 0.094, where Ntrapis the number of trap states and Nvis the number of conduction states. The hole mobilities for the three compounds were similar (μ ≃ 0.03 cm2V–1s–1), and the Ion/Ioffratios were comparable with the highest values reported for organic TFTs, with films of 2approaching Ion/Ioff= 109at room temperature.