부산대학교 도서관

Tsetse flies (Glossinasp.) are the vectors of human and animal trypanosomiasis throughout sub-Saharan Africa. Tsetse flies are distinguished from other Diptera by unique adaptations, including lactation and the birthing of live young (obligate viviparity), a vertebrate blood-specific diet by both sexes, and obligate bacterial symbiosis. This work describes the comparative analysis of six Glossinagenomes representing three sub-genera: Morsitans(G. morsitans morsitans, G. pallidipes, G. austeni), Palpalis(G. palpalis, G. fuscipes), and Fusca(G. brevipalpis) which represent different habitats, host preferences, and vectorial capacity. Genomic analyses validate established evolutionary relationships and sub-genera. Syntenic analysis of Glossinarelative to Drosophila melanogastershows reduced structural conservation across the sex-linked X chromosome. Sex-linked scaffolds show increased rates of female-specific gene expression and lower evolutionary rates relative to autosome associated genes. Tsetse-specific genes are enriched in protease, odorant-binding, and helicase activities. Lactation-associated genes are conserved across all Glossinaspecies while male seminal proteins are rapidly evolving. Olfactory and gustatory genes are reduced across the genus relative to other insects. Vision-associated Rhodopsin genes show conservation of motion detection/tracking functions and variance in the Rhodopsin detecting colors in the blue wavelength ranges. Expanded genomic discoveries reveal the genetics underlying Glossinabiology and provide a rich body of knowledge for basic science and disease control. They also provide insight into the evolutionary biology underlying novel adaptations and are relevant to applied aspects of vector control such as trap design and discovery of novel pest and disease control strategies.