학술논문

Discovery and Structural Optimization of Acridones as Broad-Spectrum Antimalarials
Document Type
Article
Source
Journal of Medicinal Chemistry; April 2019, Vol. 62 Issue: 7 p3475-3502, 28p
Subject
Language
ISSN
00222623; 15204804
Abstract
Malaria remains one of the deadliest diseases in the world today. Novel chemoprophylactic and chemotherapeutic antimalarials are needed to support the renewed eradication agenda. We have discovered a novel antimalarial acridone chemotype with dual-stage activity against both liver-stage and blood-stage malaria. Several lead compounds generated from structural optimization of a large library of novel acridones exhibit efficacy in the following systems: (1) picomolar inhibition of in vitro Plasmodium falciparumblood-stage growth against multidrug-resistant parasites; (2) curative efficacy after oral administration in an erythrocytic Plasmodium yoeliimurine malaria model; (3) prevention of in vitro Plasmodium bergheisporozoite-induced development in human hepatocytes; and (4) protection of in vivo P. bergheisporozoite-induced infection in mice. This study offers the first account of liver-stage antimalarial activity in an acridone chemotype. Details of the design, chemistry, structure–activity relationships, safety, metabolic/pharmacokinetic studies, and mechanistic investigation are presented herein.