학술논문
Health effects associated with smoking: a Burden of Proof study.
Document Type
Academic Journal
Author
Dai X; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. xdai88@uw.edu.; Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. xdai88@uw.edu.; Gil GF; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; Reitsma MB; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; Ahmad NS; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; Anderson JA; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; Bisignano C; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; Carr S; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; Feldman R; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; Hay SI; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; He J; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; Iannucci V; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; Lawlor HR; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; Malloy MJ; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; Marczak LB; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; McLaughlin SA; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; Morikawa L; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; Mullany EC; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; Nicholson SI; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; O'Connell EM; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; Okereke C; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; Sorensen RJD; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; Whisnant J; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; Aravkin AY; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; Zheng P; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; Murray CJL; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; Gakidou E; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Source
Publisher: Nature Publishing Company Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 9502015 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1546-170X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 10788956 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Nat Med Subsets: MEDLINE
Subject
Language
English
Abstract
As a leading behavioral risk factor for numerous health outcomes, smoking is a major ongoing public health challenge. Although evidence on the health effects of smoking has been widely reported, few attempts have evaluated the dose-response relationship between smoking and a diverse range of health outcomes systematically and comprehensively. In the present study, we re-estimated the dose-response relationships between current smoking and 36 health outcomes by conducting systematic reviews up to 31 May 2022, employing a meta-analytic method that incorporates between-study heterogeneity into estimates of uncertainty. Among the 36 selected outcomes, 8 had strong-to-very-strong evidence of an association with smoking, 21 had weak-to-moderate evidence of association and 7 had no evidence of association. By overcoming many of the limitations of traditional meta-analyses, our approach provides comprehensive, up-to-date and easy-to-use estimates of the evidence on the health effects of smoking. These estimates provide important information for tobacco control advocates, policy makers, researchers, physicians, smokers and the public.
(© 2022. The Author(s).)
(© 2022. The Author(s).)