학술논문
Thermosynechococcus switches the direction of phototaxis by a c-di-GMP-dependent process with high spatial resolution.
Document Type
Academic Journal
Author
Nakane D; Department of Engineering Science, Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, The University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo, Japan.; Enomoto G; Institute of Biology III, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.; Bähre H; Research Core Unit Metabolomics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.; Hirose Y; Department of Applied Chemistry and Life Science, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi, Japan.; Wilde A; Institute of Biology III, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.; BIOSS Centre for Biological Signaling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.; Nishizaka T; Department of Physics, Gakushuin University, Tokyo, Japan.
Source
Publisher: eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101579614 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2050-084X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 2050084X NLM ISO Abbreviation: Elife Subsets: MEDLINE
Subject
Language
English
Abstract
Many cyanobacteria, which use light as an energy source via photosynthesis, show directional movement towards or away from a light source. However, the molecular and cell biological mechanisms for switching the direction of movement remain unclear. Here, we visualized type IV pilus-dependent cell movement in the rod-shaped thermophilic cyanobacterium Thermosynechococcus vulcanus using optical microscopy at physiological temperature and light conditions. Positive and negative phototaxis were controlled on a short time scale of 1 min. The cells smoothly moved over solid surfaces towards green light, but the direction was switched to backward movement when we applied additional blue light illumination. The switching was mediated by three photoreceptors, SesA, SesB, and SesC, which have cyanobacteriochrome photosensory domains and synthesis/degradation activity of the bacterial second messenger cyclic dimeric GMP (c-di-GMP). Our results suggest that the decision-making process for directional switching in phototaxis involves light-dependent changes in the cellular concentration of c-di-GMP. Direct visualization of type IV pilus filaments revealed that rod-shaped cells can move perpendicular to the light vector, indicating that the polarity can be controlled not only by pole-to-pole regulation but also within-a-pole regulation. This study provides insights into previously undescribed rapid bacterial polarity regulation via second messenger signalling with high spatial resolution.
Competing Interests: DN, GE, HB, YH, AW, TN No competing interests declared
(© 2022, Nakane et al.)
Competing Interests: DN, GE, HB, YH, AW, TN No competing interests declared
(© 2022, Nakane et al.)