학술논문
Guidelines for standard preclinical experiments in the mouse model of myasthenia gravis induced by acetylcholine receptor immunization.
Document Type
Academic Journal
Author
Tuzun E; Department of Neuroscience, Institute for Experimental Medical Research (DETAE), Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.; Berrih-Aknin S; INSERM U974, Paris, France; CNRS UMR 7215, Paris, France; UPMC Univ Paris 6, Paris, France; AIM, Institute of Myology, Paris, France.; Brenner T; Department of Neurology, The Agnes Ginges Center for Human Neurogenetics, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.; Kusner LL; Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.; Le Panse R; INSERM U974, Paris, France; CNRS UMR 7215, Paris, France; UPMC Univ Paris 6, Paris, France; AIM, Institute of Myology, Paris, France.; Yang H; Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China.; Tzartos S; Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, Patras 26504, Greece.; Christadoss P; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA. Electronic address: pchrista@utmb.edu.
Source
Publisher: Academic Press Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 0370712 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1090-2430 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00144886 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Exp Neurol Subsets: MEDLINE
Subject
Language
English
Abstract
Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by generalized muscle weakness due to neuromuscular junction (NMJ) dysfunction brought by acetylcholine receptor (AChR) antibodies in most cases. Although steroids and other immunosuppressants are effectively used for treatment of MG, these medications often cause severe side effects and a complete remission cannot be obtained in many cases. For pre-clinical evaluation of more effective and less toxic treatment methods for MG, the experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis (EAMG) induced by Torpedo AChR immunization has become one of the standard animal models. Although numerous compounds have been recently proposed for MG mostly by using the active immunization EAMG model, only a few have been proven to be effective in MG patients. The variability in the experimental design, immunization methods and outcome measurements of pre-clinical EAMG studies make it difficult to interpret the published reports and assess the potential for application to MG patients. In an effort to standardize the active immunization EAMG model, we propose standard procedures for animal care conditions, sampling and randomization of mice, experimental design and outcome measures. Utilization of these standard procedures might improve the power of pre-clinical EAMG experiments and increase the chances for identifying promising novel treatment methods that can be effectively translated into clinical trials for MG.
(Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
(Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)