학술논문
Oxidative Stress- and Autophagy-Inducing Effects of PSI-LHCI from Botryococcus braunii in Breast Cancer Cells.
Document Type
Academic Journal
Author
Joaquín-Ovalle FM; Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, San Juan 00925, Puerto Rico.; Guihurt G; Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, San Juan 00925, Puerto Rico.; Barcelo-Bovea V; Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, San Juan 00925, Puerto Rico.; Hani-Saba A; Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, San Juan 00925, Puerto Rico.; Fontanet-Gómez NC; Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, San Juan 00925, Puerto Rico.; Ramirez-Paz J; Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, San Juan 00925, Puerto Rico.; Kashino Y; Graduate School of Science, University of Hyogo, Kobe 678-1297, Japan.; Torres-Martinez Z; Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, San Juan 00925, Puerto Rico.; Doble-Cacho K; Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, San Juan 00925, Puerto Rico.; Delinois LJ; Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, San Juan 00925, Puerto Rico.; Delgado Y; Biochemistry & Pharmacology Department, San Juan Bautista School of Medicine, Caguas 00725, Puerto Rico.; Griebenow K; Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, San Juan 00925, Puerto Rico.
Source
Publisher: MDPI AG Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 9918383086206676 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2673-6284 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 26736284 NLM ISO Abbreviation: BioTech (Basel) Subsets: PubMed not MEDLINE
Subject
Language
English
Abstract
Botryococcus braunii ( B. braunii ) is a green microalga primarily found in freshwater, reservoirs, and ponds. Photosynthetic pigments from algae have shown many bioactive molecules with therapeutic potential. Herein, we report the purification, characterization, and anticancer properties of photosystem I light-harvesting complex I (PSI-LHCI) from the green microalga B. braunii UTEX2441. The pigment-protein complex was purified by sucrose density gradient and characterized by its distinctive peaks using absorption, low-temperature (77 K) fluorescence, and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopic analyses. Protein complexes were resolved by blue native-PAGE and two-dimensional SDS-PAGE. Triple-negative breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells were incubated with PSI-LHCI for all of our experiments. Cell viability was assessed, revealing a significant reduction in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. We confirmed the internalization of PSI-LHCI within the cytoplasm and nucleus after 12 h of incubation. Cell death mechanism by oxidative stress was confirmed by the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and specifically superoxide. Furthermore, we monitored autophagic flux, apoptotic and necrotic features after treatment with PSI-LHCI. Treated MDA-MB-231 cells showed positive autophagy signals in the cytoplasm and nucleus, and necrotic morphology by the permeabilization of the cell membrane. Our findings demonstrated for the first time the cytotoxic properties of B. braunii PSI-LHCI by the induction of ROS and autophagy in breast cancer cells.