학술논문
The Role of Cytokines in Nephrotic Syndrome.
Document Type
Academic Journal
Author
Ahmadian E; Kidney Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.; Rahbar Saadat Y; Kidney Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.; Dalir Abdolahinia E; Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.; Bastami M; Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.; Shoja MM; Clinical Academy of Teaching and Learning, Ross University School of Medicine, Miramar, FL, USA.; Zununi Vahed S; Kidney Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.; Ardalan M; Kidney Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Source
Publisher: Hindawi Pub. Corp Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 9209001 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1466-1861 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 09629351 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Mediators Inflamm Subsets: MEDLINE
Subject
Language
English
Abstract
Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) is an important primary glomerular disease characterized by severe proteinuria. Evidence supports a role for T cell dysfunction in the pathogenesis of INS. Glucocorticoids are the primary therapy for INS; however, steroid-resistant NS (SRNS) patients are at a higher risk of drug-induced side effects and harbor poor prognosis. Although the exact mechanism of the resistance is unknown, the imbalances of T helper subtype 1 (Th1), Th2, and regulatory T cells (Tregs) and their cytokines may be involved in the pathogenesis of glucocorticoid responsiveness. Up to now, no confirmed biomarkers have been able to predict SRNS; however, a panel of cytokines may predict responsiveness and identify SRNS patients. Thus, the introduction of distinctive cytokines as novel biomarkers of SRNS enables both preventions of drug-related toxicity and earlier switch to more effective therapies. This review highlights the impacts of T cell population imbalances and their downstream cytokines on response to glucocorticoid responsiveness state in INS.
Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
(Copyright © 2022 Elham Ahmadian et al.)
Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
(Copyright © 2022 Elham Ahmadian et al.)