학술논문
Paediatric and adult congenital cardiology education and training in Europe.
Document Type
Academic Journal
Author
McMahon CJ; Department of Paediatric Cardiology, Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland.; School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland.; School of Health Professions Education (SHE), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.; Heying R; Department of Paediatric Cardiology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.; Budts W; Congenital and Structural Cardiology, University Hospitals Leuven, and Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Catholic University Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.; Cavigelli-Brunner A; Division of Paediatric Cardiology, Paediatric Heart Centre, University Children's Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.; Shkolnikova M; Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Russian Ministry of Health, Moscow, Russia.; Michel-Behnke I; Division of Paediatric Cardiology, Paediatric Heart Center, University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria.; Kozlik-Feldmann R; Clinic for Children's Heart Medicine, and Adults with Congenital Heart Disease, University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.; Wåhlander H; Paediatric Heart Centre, The Queen Sylvia Children's Hospital, Sahlgren's University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.; DeWolf D; Pediatric Cardiology, Ghent University Hospital (UZ Gent), Gent, Belgium.; Difilippo S; Cardiovascular Hospital Louis Pradel, Claude Bernard University Lyon-1, Lyon, France.; Kornyei L; Pediatric Cardiology, Hungarian Pediatric Heart Centre, Budapest, Hungary.; Russo MG; Paediatric Cardiology, Campania University 'L. Vanvitelli', Monaldi Hospital, Naples, Italy.; Kaneva-Nencheva A; Pediatric Cardiology, National Heart Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria.; Mesihovic-Dinarevic S; Eurofarm Policlinic, University of Mostar, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.; Vesel S; Teaching Hospital Celje, Celje, Slovenia.; Oskarsson G; Children's Hospital, Landspitali University Hospital, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland.; Papadopoulos G; Department of Cardiology, Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece.; Petropoulos AC; 'Aziz Aliyev' National Postgraduate Training Center, Baku, Azerbaijan.; Cevik BS; Pediatric Cardiology Department, Marmara University School of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey.; Jossif A; Paedi Center for Specialized Pediatrics, Strovolos, Cyprus.; Doros G; 'Victor Babes' UMF, IIIrd Pediatric Clinic, Louis Turcanu Emergency Children Hospital, Timisoara, Romania.; Krusensjerna-Hafstrom T; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.; Dangel J; Department of Perinatal Cardiology and Congenital Anomalies, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland.; Rahkonen O; Children's Hospital, Helsinki University Central Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.; Albert-Brotons DC; Heart Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.; Pediatric Heart Transplant Program, Vall d'Hebron Hospital, Barcelona, Spain.; Alvares S; Paediatric Cardiology, Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Porto, Portugal.; Brun H; Women/Children's Department, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.; Janousek J; Children's Heart Centre, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and Motol University Hospital, Praha, Czech Republic.; Pitkänen-Argillander O; Children's Hospital, Helsinki University Central Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.; Voges I; Department for Congenital Heart Disease and Paediatric Cardiology, University Hospital Schlwesig Holstein, Kiel, Germany.; Lubaua I; Department of Paediatric Cardiology, Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia.; Sendzikaite S; Clinic of Children's Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania.; Magee AG; Department of Paediatric Cardiology, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK.; Rhodes MJ; Economics and Data Analytics, Leeds Business School, Leeds, UK.; Blom NA; Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands.; Bu'Lock F; Department of Paediatric Cardiology, East Midlands Congenital Heart Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester, UK.; Hanseus K; Children's Heart Center, Skane University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden.; Milanesi O; Paediatric Cardiac Unit, Department of Paediatrics, University of Padova, School of Medicine, Padua, Italy.
Source
Publisher: Cambridge University Press Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 9200019 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1467-1107 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 10479511 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Cardiol Young Subsets: MEDLINE
Subject
Language
English
Abstract
Background: Limited data exist on training of European paediatric and adult congenital cardiologists.
Methods: A structured and approved questionnaire was circulated to national delegates of Association for European Paediatric and Congenital Cardiology in 33 European countries.
Results: Delegates from 30 countries (91%) responded. Paediatric cardiology was not recognised as a distinct speciality by the respective ministry of Health in seven countries (23%). Twenty countries (67%) have formally accredited paediatric cardiology training programmes, seven (23%) have substantial informal (not accredited or certified) training, and three (10%) have very limited or no programme. Twenty-two countries have a curriculum. Twelve countries have a national training director. There was one paediatric cardiology centre per 2.66 million population (range 0.87-9.64 million), one cardiac surgical centre per 4.73 million population (range 1.63-10.72 million), and one training centre per 4.29 million population (range 1.63-10.72 million population). The median number of paediatric cardiology fellows per training programme was 4 (range 1-17), and duration of training was 3 years (range 2-5 years). An exit examination in paediatric cardiology was conducted in 16 countries (53%) and certification provided by 20 countries (67%). Paediatric cardiologist number is affected by gross domestic product (R2 = 0.41).
Conclusion: Training varies markedly across European countries. Although formal fellowship programmes exist in many countries, several countries have informal training or no training. Only a minority of countries provide both exit examination and certification. Harmonisation of training and standardisation of exit examination and certification could reduce variation in training thereby promoting high-quality care by European congenital cardiologists.
Methods: A structured and approved questionnaire was circulated to national delegates of Association for European Paediatric and Congenital Cardiology in 33 European countries.
Results: Delegates from 30 countries (91%) responded. Paediatric cardiology was not recognised as a distinct speciality by the respective ministry of Health in seven countries (23%). Twenty countries (67%) have formally accredited paediatric cardiology training programmes, seven (23%) have substantial informal (not accredited or certified) training, and three (10%) have very limited or no programme. Twenty-two countries have a curriculum. Twelve countries have a national training director. There was one paediatric cardiology centre per 2.66 million population (range 0.87-9.64 million), one cardiac surgical centre per 4.73 million population (range 1.63-10.72 million), and one training centre per 4.29 million population (range 1.63-10.72 million population). The median number of paediatric cardiology fellows per training programme was 4 (range 1-17), and duration of training was 3 years (range 2-5 years). An exit examination in paediatric cardiology was conducted in 16 countries (53%) and certification provided by 20 countries (67%). Paediatric cardiologist number is affected by gross domestic product (R
Conclusion: Training varies markedly across European countries. Although formal fellowship programmes exist in many countries, several countries have informal training or no training. Only a minority of countries provide both exit examination and certification. Harmonisation of training and standardisation of exit examination and certification could reduce variation in training thereby promoting high-quality care by European congenital cardiologists.