학술논문
Incidence of tuberculosis among PLHIV on antiretroviral therapy who initiated isoniazid preventive therapy: A multi-center retrospective cohort study.
Document Type
Academic Journal
Author
Kazibwe A; The AIDS Support Organization (TASO), Kampala, Uganda.; Makerere University School of Medicine, Kampala, Uganda.; Oryokot B; The AIDS Support Organization (TASO), Kampala, Uganda.; University of Suffolk, Ipswich, United Kingdom.; Mugenyi L; The AIDS Support Organization (TASO), Kampala, Uganda.; Kagimu D; The AIDS Support Organization (TASO), Kampala, Uganda.; Oluka AI; The AIDS Support Organization (TASO), Kampala, Uganda.; Kato D; The AIDS Support Organization (TASO), Kampala, Uganda.; Ouma S; The AIDS Support Organization (TASO), Kampala, Uganda.; Tayebwakushaba E; The AIDS Support Organization (TASO), Kampala, Uganda.; Odoi C; The AIDS Support Organization (TASO), Kampala, Uganda.; Kakumba K; The AIDS Support Organization (TASO), Kampala, Uganda.; Opito R; The AIDS Support Organization (TASO), Kampala, Uganda.; Mafabi CG; The AIDS Support Organization (TASO), Kampala, Uganda.; Ochwo M; The AIDS Support Organization (TASO), Kampala, Uganda.; Nkabala R; The AIDS Support Organization (TASO), Kampala, Uganda.; Tusiimire W; The AIDS Support Organization (TASO), Kampala, Uganda.; Kateeba Tusiime A; The AIDS Support Organization (TASO), Kampala, Uganda.; Alinga SB; The AIDS Support Organization (TASO), Kampala, Uganda.; Miya Y; The AIDS Support Organization (TASO), Kampala, Uganda.; Etukoit MB; The AIDS Support Organization (TASO), Kampala, Uganda.; Biraro IA; Makerere University School of Medicine, Kampala, Uganda.; Kirenga B; Makerere University School of Medicine, Kampala, Uganda.; Makerere University Lung Institute, Kampala, Uganda.
Source
Publisher: Public Library of Science Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101285081 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1932-6203 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 19326203 NLM ISO Abbreviation: PLoS One Subsets: MEDLINE
Subject
Language
English
Abstract
Introduction: Isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) is effective in treating tuberculosis (TB) infection and hence limiting progression to active disease. However, the durability of protection, associated factors and cost-effectiveness of IPT remain uncertain in low-and-middle income countries, Uganda inclusive. The Uganda Ministry of health recommends a single standard-dose IPT course for eligible people living with HIV (PLHIV). In this study we determined the incidence, associated factors and median time to TB diagnosis among PLHIV on Antiretroviral therapy (ART) who initiated IPT.
Materials and Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study at eleven The AIDS Support Organization (TASO) centers in Uganda. We reviewed medical records of 2634 PLHIV on ART who initiated IPT from 1st January 2016 to 30th June 2018, with 30th June 2021 as end of follow up date. We analyzed study data using STATA v.16. Incidence rate was computed as the number of new TB cases divided by the total person months. A Frailty model was used to determine factors associated with TB incidence.
Results: The 2634 individuals were observed for 116,360.7 person months. IPT completion rate was 92.8%. Cumulative proportion of patients who developed TB in this cohort was 0.83% (22/2634), an incidence rate of 18.9 per 100,000 person months. The median time to TB diagnosis was 18.5 months (minimum- 0.47; maximum- 47.3, IQR: 10.1-32.4). World Health Organization (WHO) HIV clinical stage III (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 95%CI: 3.66 (1.08, 12.42) (P = 0.037) and discontinuing IPT (aHR 95%CI: 25.96(4.12, 169.48) (p = 0.001)), were associated with higher odds of TB diagnosis compared with WHO clinical stage II and IPT completion respectively.
Conclusion: Incidence rates of TB were low overtime after one course of IPT, and this was mainly attributed to high completion rates.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Materials and Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study at eleven The AIDS Support Organization (TASO) centers in Uganda. We reviewed medical records of 2634 PLHIV on ART who initiated IPT from 1st January 2016 to 30th June 2018, with 30th June 2021 as end of follow up date. We analyzed study data using STATA v.16. Incidence rate was computed as the number of new TB cases divided by the total person months. A Frailty model was used to determine factors associated with TB incidence.
Results: The 2634 individuals were observed for 116,360.7 person months. IPT completion rate was 92.8%. Cumulative proportion of patients who developed TB in this cohort was 0.83% (22/2634), an incidence rate of 18.9 per 100,000 person months. The median time to TB diagnosis was 18.5 months (minimum- 0.47; maximum- 47.3, IQR: 10.1-32.4). World Health Organization (WHO) HIV clinical stage III (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 95%CI: 3.66 (1.08, 12.42) (P = 0.037) and discontinuing IPT (aHR 95%CI: 25.96(4.12, 169.48) (p = 0.001)), were associated with higher odds of TB diagnosis compared with WHO clinical stage II and IPT completion respectively.
Conclusion: Incidence rates of TB were low overtime after one course of IPT, and this was mainly attributed to high completion rates.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.