학술논문
The relationship between nutrient intake and executive function in adults with post-traumatic stress disorder.
Document Type
Academic Journal
Author
Rowe K; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, South Africa; MRC/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. Electronic address: kirstenrowe@gmail.com.; Bröcker E; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, South Africa; South African Medical Research Council/Stellenbosch University Genomics of Brain Disorders Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.; Suliman S; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, South Africa; South African Medical Research Council/Stellenbosch University Genomics of Brain Disorders Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.; Blaauw R; Division of Human Nutrition, Department of Global Health, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.; Seedat S; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, South Africa; South African Medical Research Council/Stellenbosch University Genomics of Brain Disorders Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.; van den Heuvel LL; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, South Africa; South African Medical Research Council/Stellenbosch University Genomics of Brain Disorders Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
Source
Publisher: Elsevier/North-Holland Biomedical Press Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 7906073 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1573-2517 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 01650327 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Affect Disord Subsets: MEDLINE
Subject
Language
English
Abstract
Background: Executive function (EF) deficits are common in adults with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Macro- and micronutrient intake are potential modifiable factors that may influence EF in PTSD.
Objectives: To explore the relationship between the daily dietary intake of ω-3 and ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), vitamin C, vitamin E, vitamin D, vitamin B12 and folate, and EF in adults with PTSD.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional observational study of adults with PTSD who completed neurocognitive assessments (n = 201). Digit span backwards, spatial span backwards, Stroop test and the Ruff Figural Fluency Task were used to assess EF. FoodFinder nutrient intake based on 24-h dietary recalls was used to calculate average daily nutrient intake. Multivariable linear regression models were used to regress EF on the nutrient variables.
Results: Intake of vitamin E, ω-3 PUFAs, and ω-6 PUFAs were all positively associated with planning and set-shifting, with vitamin E (adjusted β = 0.20, p = 0.004) and ω-6 (adjusted β = 0.17, p = 0.01) remaining significant after adjustment for age; sex; education and body mass index. Vitamin D intake was negatively associated with interference (adjusted β = -0.21, p = 0.01). Vitamin C, vitamin B12 and folate intake were not associated with EF.
Limitations: 24-h dietary recall data is limited by recall bias. Circulating nutrient levels were not measured.
Conclusions: Dietary intake of vitamins E, ω-3 and ω-6 may be important modifiable factors affecting EF in adults with PTSD. Randomised controlled trials are needed to investigate whether micro- and macronutrient interventions can improve EF and other outcomes in PTSD.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The views expressed in this manuscript belong to the authors and are not the official position of the institution or funder. No potential conflicts of interest were reported by the authors.
(Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier B.V.)
Objectives: To explore the relationship between the daily dietary intake of ω-3 and ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), vitamin C, vitamin E, vitamin D, vitamin B12 and folate, and EF in adults with PTSD.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional observational study of adults with PTSD who completed neurocognitive assessments (n = 201). Digit span backwards, spatial span backwards, Stroop test and the Ruff Figural Fluency Task were used to assess EF. FoodFinder nutrient intake based on 24-h dietary recalls was used to calculate average daily nutrient intake. Multivariable linear regression models were used to regress EF on the nutrient variables.
Results: Intake of vitamin E, ω-3 PUFAs, and ω-6 PUFAs were all positively associated with planning and set-shifting, with vitamin E (adjusted β = 0.20, p = 0.004) and ω-6 (adjusted β = 0.17, p = 0.01) remaining significant after adjustment for age; sex; education and body mass index. Vitamin D intake was negatively associated with interference (adjusted β = -0.21, p = 0.01). Vitamin C, vitamin B12 and folate intake were not associated with EF.
Limitations: 24-h dietary recall data is limited by recall bias. Circulating nutrient levels were not measured.
Conclusions: Dietary intake of vitamins E, ω-3 and ω-6 may be important modifiable factors affecting EF in adults with PTSD. Randomised controlled trials are needed to investigate whether micro- and macronutrient interventions can improve EF and other outcomes in PTSD.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The views expressed in this manuscript belong to the authors and are not the official position of the institution or funder. No potential conflicts of interest were reported by the authors.
(Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier B.V.)