학술논문
A synthetic 5,3-cross-link in the cell wall of rod-shaped Gram-positive bacteria.
Document Type
Academic Journal
Author
Dik DA; Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA 92037.; Zhang N; Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA 92037.; Sturgell EJ; Automated Synthesis Facility, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA 92037.; Sanchez BB; Automated Synthesis Facility, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA 92037.; Chen JS; Automated Synthesis Facility, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA 92037.; Webb B; Center for Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA 92037.; Vanderpool KG; Core Microscopy Facility, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA 92037.; Schultz PG; Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA 92037; schultz@scripps.edu.
Source
Publisher: National Academy of Sciences Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 7505876 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1091-6490 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00278424 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Subsets: MEDLINE
Subject
Language
English
Abstract
Gram-positive bacteria assemble a multilayered cell wall that provides tensile strength to the cell. The cell wall is composed of glycan strands cross-linked by nonribosomally synthesized peptide stems. Herein, we modify the peptide stems of the Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis with noncanonical electrophilic d-amino acids, which when in proximity to adjacent stem peptides form novel covalent 5,3-cross-links. Approximately 20% of canonical cell-wall cross-links can be replaced with synthetic cross-links. While a low level of synthetic cross-link formation does not affect B. subtilis growth and phenotype, at higher levels cell growth is perturbed and bacteria elongate. A comparison of the accumulation of synthetic cross-links over time in Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria highlights key differences between them. The ability to perturb cell-wall architecture with synthetic building blocks provides a novel approach to studying the adaptability, elasticity, and porosity of bacterial cell walls.
Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing interest.
Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing interest.