학술논문

Differentiation of COVID-19 signs and symptoms from allergic rhinitis and common cold: An ARIA-EAACI-GA 2 LEN consensus.
Document Type
Academic Journal
Author
Hagemann J; Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Universitätsmedizin Mainz, Mainz, Germany.; Onorato GL; MACVIA-France, Montpellier, France.; Jutel M; Department of Clinical Immunology, Wrocław Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.; Akdis CA; Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland.; Agache I; Transylvania University Brasov, Brasov, Romania.; Zuberbier T; Comprehensive Allergy Center, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.; Czarlewski W; Medical Consulting Czarlewski, Levallois, France.; Mullol J; Rhinology Unit & Smell Clinic, ENT Department, Hospital Clínic; Clinical & Experimental Respiratory Immunoallergy, IDIBAPS, CIBERES, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.; Bedbrook A; MACVIA-France, Montpellier, France.; MASK-air, Montpellier, France.; Bachert C; Upper Airways Research Laboratory, ENT Department, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.; Sun Yat-sen University, International Airway Research Center, First Affiliated Hospital Guangzou, Guangzou, China.; Division of ENT Diseases, CLINTEC, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.; Department of ENT Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.; Bennoor KS; Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Institute of Diseases of the Chest and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh.; Bergmann KC; Comprehensive Allergy Center, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.; Braido F; Department of Internal Medicine (DiMI) and IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.; Camargos P; Department of Pediatrics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Medical School, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.; Caraballo L; Institute for Immunological Research, University of Cartagena, Campus de Zaragocilla, Edificio Biblioteca Primer piso, Cartagena, Colombia.; Foundation for the Development of Medical and Biological Sciences (Fundemeb), Cartagena, Colombia.; Cardona V; Allergy Section, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Vall d'Hebron & ARADyAL Research Network, Barcelona, Spain.; Casale T; Division of Allergy/immunology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.; Cecchi L; SOS Allergology and Clinical Immunology, USL Toscana Centro, Prato, Italy.; Chivato T; School of Medicine, University CEU San Pablo, Madrid, Spain.; Chu DK; Departments of Medicine and Health Research Methods, Evidence & Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.; Cingi C; ENT Department, Medical Faculty, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey.; Correia-de-Sousa J; Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS, School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.; PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.; International Primary Care Respiratory Group IPCRG, London, UK.; Del Giacco S; Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health and Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital 'Duilio Casula', University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.; Dokic D; University Clinic of Pulmology and Allergy, Medical Faculty Skopje, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia.; Dykewicz M; Section of Allergy and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA.; Ebisawa M; Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, NHO Sagamihara National Hospital, Sagamihara, Japan.; El-Gamal Y; Pediatric Allergy and Immunology Unit, Children's hospital, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.; Emuzyte R; Clinic of Children's Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania.; Fauquert JL; CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Unité d'Allergologie de l'Enfant, Pole pédiatrique, Hopital Estaing, Clermont-Ferrand, France.; Fiocchi A; Division of Allergy, Department of Pediatric Medicine, The Bambino Gesù Children's Research Hospital Holy see, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.; Fokkens WJ; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Academic Medical Centers, AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.; EUFOREA, Brussels, Belgium.; Fonseca JA; CINTESIS, Center for Health Technology and Services Research, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.; Allergy Unit, CUF Porto, Porto, Portugal.; Gemicioglu B; Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.; Gomez RM; Fundacion Ayre-Instituto Medico ALAS, Salta, Argentina.; Gotua M; Center of Allergy and Immunology, Georgian Association of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Tbilisi, Georgia.; Haahtela T; Skin and Allergy Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.; Hamelmann E; University Hospital Bielefeld, Children's Center Bethel, EvKB, Bielefeld, Germany.; Iinuma T; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan.; Ivancevich JC; Servicio de Alergia e Immunologia, Clinica Santa Isabel, Buenos Aires, Argentina.; Jassem E; Department of Allergology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdansk, Poland.; Kalayci O; Pediatric Allergy and Asthma Unit, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.; Kardas P; Department of Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.; Khaitov M; National Research Center, Institute of Immunology, Federal Medicobiological Agency, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Moscow, Russian Federation.; Kuna P; Division of Internal Medicine, Asthma and Allergy, Barlicki University Hospital, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.; Kvedariene V; Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Vilnius University and Institute of Clinical Medicine, Clinic of Chest Diseases and Allergology, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania.; Larenas-Linnemann DE; Center of Excellence in Asthma and Allergy, Médica Sur Clinical Foundation and Hospital, México City, Mexico.; Lipworth B; Scottish Centre for Respiratory Research, Cardiovascular & Diabetes Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Ninewells Hospital, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.; Makris M; Allergy Unit 'D Kalogeromitros', 2nd Department of Dermatology and Venereology, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 'Attikon' University Hospital, Athens, Greece.; Maspero JF; Argentine Association of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Buenos Aires, Argentina.; Miculinic N; Croatian Pulmonary Society, Zagreb, Croatia.; Mihaltan F; National Institute of Pneumology M Nasta, Bucharest, Romania.; Mohammad Y; National Center for Research in Chronic Respiratory Diseases, Tishreen University School of Medicine, Latakia and Syrian Private University-Damascus, Damascus, Syria.; Montefort S; Respiratory Physician Mater Dei Hospital Malta, Medicine University of Malta, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery University of Medicine, La Valette, Malta.; Morais-Almeida M; Allergy Center, CUF Descobertas Hospital, Lisbon, Portugal.; Mösges R; CRI-Clinical Research International-Ltd, Hamburg, Germany.; Naclerio R; Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.; Neffen H; Center of Allergy, Immunology and Respiratory Diseases, Santa Fe, Argentina.; Niedoszytko M; Department of Allergology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdansk, Poland.; O'Hehir RE; Department of Allergy, Immunology and Respiratory Medicine, Alfred Hospital and Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.; Department of Immunology, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.; Ohta K; National Hospital Organization, Tokyo National Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.; Okamoto Y; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan.; Okubo K; Department of Otolaryngology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.; Panzner P; Department of Immunology and Allergology, Faculty of Medicine and Faculty Hospital in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Pilsen, Czech Republic.; Papadopoulos NG; Division of Infection, Immunity & Respiratory Medicine, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.; Passalacqua G; Allergy and Respiratory Diseases, Ospedale Policlino San Martino -University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.; Patella V; Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Agency of Health ASL Salerno, 'Santa Maria della Speranza' Hospital, Salerno, Italy.; Pereira A; Center for Research in Health Technologies and Information Systems- CINTESIS, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.; Allergy Unit, Instituto CUF Porto and Hospital CUF Porto, Porto, Portugal.; Department of Community Medicine, Health Information and Decision - MEDCIDsS, Faculty of Medicina, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.; Pfaar O; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Rhinology and Allergy, University Hospital Marburg, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany.; Plavec D; Children's Hospital Srebrnjak, Zagreb, School of Medicine, University J.J. Strossmayer, Osijek, Croatia.; Popov TA; University Hospital 'Sv Ivan Rilski'', Sofia, Bulgaria.; Prokopakis EP; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Crete School of Medicine, Heraklion, Greece.; Puggioni F; Personalized Medicine Clinic Asthma & Allergy, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center IRCCS, Rozzano, and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy.; Raciborski F; Department of Prevention of Environmental Hazards and Allergology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.; Reijula J; Department of Pulmonology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.; Regateiro FS; Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra and Institute of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.; Reitsma S; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.; Romano A; Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, Troina, Italy.; bFondazione Mediterranea GB Morgagni, Catania, Italy.; Rosario N; Hospital de Clinicas, University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil.; Rottem M; Division of Allergy Asthma and Clinical Immunology, Emek Medical Center, Afula, Israel.; Ryan D; Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.; Samolinski B; Department of Prevention of Environmental Hazards and Allergology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.; Sastre J; Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, CIBERES, Faculty of Medicine, Autonoma University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.; Solé D; Division of Allergy, Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.; Sova M; Department of Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic.; Stellato C; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry 'Scuola Medica Salernitana', University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy.; Suppli-Ulrik C; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital-Hvidovre, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.; Tsiligianni I; Health Planning Unit, Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Greece and International Primary Care Respiratory Group IPCRG, Aberdeen, Scotland.; Valero A; Pneumology and Allergy Department CIBERES and Clinical & Experimental Respiratory Immunoallergy, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.; Valiulis A; Vilnius University Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine & Institute of Health Sciences, Vilnius, Lithuania.; European Academy of Paediatrics (EAP/UEMS-SP), Brussels, Belgium.; Valovirta E; Department of Lung Diseases and Clinical Immunology, University of Turku and Terveystalo allergy clinic, Turku, Finland.; Vasankari T; Filha, Finnish Lung Health Association, Helsinki, Finland.; University of Turku, Turku, Finland.; Ventura MT; University of Bari Medical School, Unit of Geriatric Immunoallergology, Bari, Italy.; Wallace D; Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA.; Wang Y; Department of Otolaryngology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.; Williams S; International Primary Care Respiratory Group IPCRG, London, UK.; Yorgancioglu A; Celal Bayar University Department of Pulmonology, Manisa, Turkey.; Yusuf OM; The Allergy and Asthma Institute, Pakistan, Pakistan.; Zernotti M; Universidad Católica de Córdoba, Universidad Nacional de Villa Maria, Córdoba, Argentina.; Bousquet J; MACVIA-France, Montpellier, France.; Comprehensive Allergy Center, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.; University Hospital Montpellier, Montpellier, France.; Klimek L; Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Universitätsmedizin Mainz, Mainz, Germany.; Center for Rhinology and Allergology, Wiesbaden, Germany.
Source
Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell Country of Publication: Denmark NLM ID: 7804028 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1398-9995 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 01054538 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Allergy Subsets: MEDLINE
Subject
Language
English
Abstract
Background: Although there are many asymptomatic patients, one of the problems of COVID-19 is early recognition of the disease. COVID-19 symptoms are polymorphic and may include upper respiratory symptoms. However, COVID-19 symptoms may be mistaken with the common cold or allergic rhinitis. An ARIA-EAACI study group attempted to differentiate upper respiratory symptoms between the three diseases.
Methods: A modified Delphi process was used. The ARIA members who were seeing COVID-19 patients were asked to fill in a questionnaire on the upper airway symptoms of COVID-19, common cold and allergic rhinitis.
Results: Among the 192 ARIA members who were invited to respond to the questionnaire, 89 responded and 87 questionnaires were analysed. The consensus was then reported. A two-way ANOVA revealed significant differences in the symptom intensity between the three diseases (p < .001).
Conclusions: This modified Delphi approach enabled the differentiation of upper respiratory symptoms between COVID-19, the common cold and allergic rhinitis. An electronic algorithm will be devised using the questionnaire.
(© 2021 European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)