학술논문
Prevalence of Salmonella in Stool During the Vaccine Impact on Diarrhea in Africa (VIDA) Study, 2015-2018.
Document Type
Academic Journal
Author
Kasumba IN; Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.; Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.; Powell H; Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.; Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.; Omore R; Center for Global Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya.; Hossain MJ; Medical Research Council Unit, The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Banjul, The Gambia.; Sow SO; Centre pour le Developpement des Vaccins (CVD-Mali), Bamako, Mali.; Ochieng JB; Center for Global Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya.; Badji H; Medical Research Council Unit, The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Banjul, The Gambia.; Verani JR; Division of Global Health Protection, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Nairobi, Kenya.; Widdowson MA; Division of Global Health Protection, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Nairobi, Kenya.; Sen S; Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.; Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.; Nasrin S; Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.; Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.; Permala-Booth J; Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.; Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.; Jones JA; Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.; Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.; Roose A; Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.; Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.; Nasrin D; Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.; Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.; Sugerman CE; Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.; Juma J; Center for Global Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya.; Awuor A; Center for Global Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya.; Jones JCM; Medical Research Council Unit, The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Banjul, The Gambia.; Doh S; Centre pour le Developpement des Vaccins (CVD-Mali), Bamako, Mali.; Okoi C; Medical Research Council Unit, The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Banjul, The Gambia.; Zaman SMA; Medical Research Council Unit, The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Banjul, The Gambia.; Antonio M; Medical Research Council Unit, The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Banjul, The Gambia.; Hunsperger E; Division of Global Health Protection, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Nairobi, Kenya.; Onyango C; Division of Global Health Protection, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Nairobi, Kenya.; Platts-Mills J; Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.; Liu J; Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.; School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.; Houpt E; Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.; Neuzil KM; Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.; Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.; Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.; Kotloff KL; Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.; Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.; Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.; Tennant SM; Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.; Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Source
Publisher: Oxford University Press Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 9203213 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1537-6591 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 10584838 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Clin Infect Dis Subsets: MEDLINE
Subject
Language
English
Abstract
Background: Non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) is a common cause of gastroenteritis in young children, with limited data on NTS serovars and antimicrobial resistance in Africa.
Methods: We determined the prevalence of Salmonella spp. and frequency of antimicrobial resistance among serovars identified in stools of 0-59 month-old children with moderate-to-severe diarrhea (MSD) and controls enrolled in the Vaccine Impact on Diarrhea in Africa (VIDA) Study in The Gambia, Mali, and Kenya in 2015-2018, and compared with data from the Global Enteric Multicenter Study (GEMS; 2007-2010) and the GEMS-1A study (2011). Salmonella spp. was detected by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and culture-based methods. Identification of serovars was determined by microbiological methods.
Results: By qPCR, the prevalence of Salmonella spp. among MSD cases was 4.0%, 1.6%, and 1.9% and among controls was 4.6%, 2.4%, and 1.6% in The Gambia, Mali, and Kenya, respectively, during VIDA. We observed year-to-year variation in serovar distribution and variation between sites. In Kenya, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium decreased (78.1% to 23.1%; P < .001) among cases and controls from 2007 to 2018, whereas serogroup O:8 increased (8.7% to 38.5%; P = .04). In The Gambia, serogroup O:7 decreased from 2007 to 2018 (36.3% to 0%; P = .001) but S. enterica serovar Enteritidis increased during VIDA (2015 to 2018; 5.9% to 50%; P = .002). Only 4 Salmonella spp. were isolated in Mali during all 3 studies. Multidrug resistance was 33.9% in Kenya and 0.8% in The Gambia across all 3 studies. Ceftriaxone resistance was only observed in Kenya (2.3%); NTS isolates were susceptible to ciprofloxacin at all sites.
Conclusions: Understanding variability in serovar distribution will be important for the future deployment of vaccines against salmonellosis in Africa.
Competing Interests: Potential conflicts of interest. M. A. W. reports receiving funding from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and Institute of Tropical Medicine. S. M. T. reports multiple grants paid to her institution from the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the Bill & Melindat Gates Foudation (BMGF), Wellcome Trust, Affinivax, Lumen Biosciences, PATH, and Medical Research Council. She also reports payments as royalties related to intellectual property for Salmonella vaccines and Klebsiella/Pseudomonas vaccines and consulting fees and travel support from the University of Washington for a grant proposal. She also reports holding multiple planned, issued, and pending patents on Salmonella, Klebsiella, and Pseudomonas vaccines and hold multiple unpaid committee roles with the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. E. R. Houpt reports funding from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (OPP1129479). K. L. K. reports consultation fees and travel support from PATH and the University of Washington related to diarrheal diseases and grant support to her institution from the National Institutes of Health, Institut Pasteur, and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. All other authors report no potential conflicts. All authors have submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest. Conflicts that the editors consider relevant to the content of the manuscript have been disclosed.
(© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America.)
Methods: We determined the prevalence of Salmonella spp. and frequency of antimicrobial resistance among serovars identified in stools of 0-59 month-old children with moderate-to-severe diarrhea (MSD) and controls enrolled in the Vaccine Impact on Diarrhea in Africa (VIDA) Study in The Gambia, Mali, and Kenya in 2015-2018, and compared with data from the Global Enteric Multicenter Study (GEMS; 2007-2010) and the GEMS-1A study (2011). Salmonella spp. was detected by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and culture-based methods. Identification of serovars was determined by microbiological methods.
Results: By qPCR, the prevalence of Salmonella spp. among MSD cases was 4.0%, 1.6%, and 1.9% and among controls was 4.6%, 2.4%, and 1.6% in The Gambia, Mali, and Kenya, respectively, during VIDA. We observed year-to-year variation in serovar distribution and variation between sites. In Kenya, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium decreased (78.1% to 23.1%; P < .001) among cases and controls from 2007 to 2018, whereas serogroup O:8 increased (8.7% to 38.5%; P = .04). In The Gambia, serogroup O:7 decreased from 2007 to 2018 (36.3% to 0%; P = .001) but S. enterica serovar Enteritidis increased during VIDA (2015 to 2018; 5.9% to 50%; P = .002). Only 4 Salmonella spp. were isolated in Mali during all 3 studies. Multidrug resistance was 33.9% in Kenya and 0.8% in The Gambia across all 3 studies. Ceftriaxone resistance was only observed in Kenya (2.3%); NTS isolates were susceptible to ciprofloxacin at all sites.
Conclusions: Understanding variability in serovar distribution will be important for the future deployment of vaccines against salmonellosis in Africa.
Competing Interests: Potential conflicts of interest. M. A. W. reports receiving funding from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and Institute of Tropical Medicine. S. M. T. reports multiple grants paid to her institution from the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the Bill & Melindat Gates Foudation (BMGF), Wellcome Trust, Affinivax, Lumen Biosciences, PATH, and Medical Research Council. She also reports payments as royalties related to intellectual property for Salmonella vaccines and Klebsiella/Pseudomonas vaccines and consulting fees and travel support from the University of Washington for a grant proposal. She also reports holding multiple planned, issued, and pending patents on Salmonella, Klebsiella, and Pseudomonas vaccines and hold multiple unpaid committee roles with the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. E. R. Houpt reports funding from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (OPP1129479). K. L. K. reports consultation fees and travel support from PATH and the University of Washington related to diarrheal diseases and grant support to her institution from the National Institutes of Health, Institut Pasteur, and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. All other authors report no potential conflicts. All authors have submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest. Conflicts that the editors consider relevant to the content of the manuscript have been disclosed.
(© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America.)