학술논문
Brain sexual differentiation and effects of cross-sex hormone therapy in transpeople: A resting-state functional magnetic resonance study.
Document Type
Academic Journal
Author
Nota NM; Department of internal medicine, division of endocrinology, VU university medical center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Electronic address: n.nota@vumc.nl.; Burke SM; Department of medical psychology, neuroscience campus Amsterdam, VU university medical center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Electronic address: s.burke@vumc.nl.; den Heijer M; Department of internal medicine, division of endocrinology, VU university medical center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Electronic address: m.denheijer@vumc.nl.; Soleman RS; Department of medical psychology, neuroscience campus Amsterdam, VU university medical center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Electronic address: remi.soleman@gmail.com.; Lambalk CB; Department of obstetrics and gynecology, neuroscience campus Amsterdam, VU university medical center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Electronic address: cb.lambalk@vumc.nl.; Cohen-Kettenis PT; Department of medical psychology, neuroscience campus Amsterdam, VU university medical center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Electronic address: pt.cohen-kettenis@vumc.nl.; Veltman DJ; Department of psychiatry, neuroscience campus Amsterdam, VU university medical center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Electronic address: dj.veltman@vumc.nl.; Kreukels BP; Department of medical psychology, neuroscience campus Amsterdam, VU university medical center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Electronic address: b.kreukels@vumc.nl.
Source
Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: France NLM ID: 8804532 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1769-7131 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 09877053 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Neurophysiol Clin Subsets: MEDLINE
Subject
Language
English
Abstract
Objectives: It is hypothesized that transpeople show sex-atypical differentiation of the brain. Various structural neuroimaging studies provide support for this notion, but little is known about the sexual differentiation of functional resting-state networks in transpeople. In this study we therefore aimed to determine whether brain functional connectivity (FC) patterns in transpeople are sex-typical or sex-atypical, before and after the start of cross-sex hormone therapy (CHT).
Methods: We acquired resting-state functional magnetic resonance data in 36 transpeople (22 with female sex assigned at birth), first during gonadal suppression, and again four months after start of CHT, and in 37 cisgender people (20 females), both sessions without any hormonal intervention. We used independent component analysis to identify the default mode network (DMN), salience network (SN), and left and right working memory network (WMN). These spatial maps were used for group comparisons.
Results: Within the DMN, SN, and left WMN similar FC patterns were found across groups. However, within the right WMN, cisgender males showed significantly greater FC in the right caudate nucleus than cisgender females. There was no such sex difference in FC among the transgender groups and they did not differ significantly from either of the cisgender groups. CHT (in transgender participants) and circulating sex steroids (in cisgender participants) did not affect FC.
Conclusion: Our findings may suggest that cisgender males and females experience a dissimilar (early) differentiation of the right WMN and that such differentiation is less pronounced in transpeople.
(Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)
Methods: We acquired resting-state functional magnetic resonance data in 36 transpeople (22 with female sex assigned at birth), first during gonadal suppression, and again four months after start of CHT, and in 37 cisgender people (20 females), both sessions without any hormonal intervention. We used independent component analysis to identify the default mode network (DMN), salience network (SN), and left and right working memory network (WMN). These spatial maps were used for group comparisons.
Results: Within the DMN, SN, and left WMN similar FC patterns were found across groups. However, within the right WMN, cisgender males showed significantly greater FC in the right caudate nucleus than cisgender females. There was no such sex difference in FC among the transgender groups and they did not differ significantly from either of the cisgender groups. CHT (in transgender participants) and circulating sex steroids (in cisgender participants) did not affect FC.
Conclusion: Our findings may suggest that cisgender males and females experience a dissimilar (early) differentiation of the right WMN and that such differentiation is less pronounced in transpeople.
(Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)