학술논문
"The dead shall be raised": Multidisciplinary analysis of human skeletons reveals complexity in 19th century immigrant socioeconomic history and identity in New Haven, Connecticut.
Document Type
Academic Journal
Author
Aronsen GP; Department of Anthropology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America.; Fehren-Schmitz L; Department of Historical Anthropology and Human Ecology, Johann-Friedrich-Blumenbach Institute for Zoology and Anthropology, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.; Krigbaum J; Department of Anthropology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America.; Kamenov GD; Department of Geological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America.; Conlogue GJ; Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Quinnipiac University, Hamden, Connecticut, United States of America.; Bioanthropology Research Institute, Quinnipiac University, Hamden, Connecticut, United States of America.; Warinner C; Department of Anthropology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, United States of America.; Ozga AT; Department of Anthropology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, United States of America.; Sankaranarayanan K; Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, United States of America.; Griego A; Independent Scholar, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America.; DeLuca DW; Independent Scholar, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America.; Eckels HT; Independent Scholar, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America.; Byczkiewicz RK; Department of History, Central Connecticut State University, New Britain, Connecticut, United States of America.; Grgurich T; Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Quinnipiac University, Hamden, Connecticut, United States of America.; Bioanthropology Research Institute, Quinnipiac University, Hamden, Connecticut, United States of America.; Pelletier NA; Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Quinnipiac University, Hamden, Connecticut, United States of America.; Brownlee SA; Department of Anthropology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America.; Marichal A; Department of Anthropology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America.; Williamson K; Department of Anthropology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America.; Tonoike Y; Department of Anthropology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America.; Bellantoni NF; Connecticut State Museum of Natural History, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, United States of America.
Source
Publisher: Public Library of Science Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101285081 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1932-6203 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 19326203 NLM ISO Abbreviation: PLoS One Subsets: MEDLINE
Subject
Language
English
Abstract
In July 2011, renovations to Yale-New Haven Hospital inadvertently exposed the cemetery of Christ Church, New Haven, Connecticut's first Catholic cemetery. While this cemetery was active between 1833 and 1851, both the church and its cemetery disappeared from public records, making the discovery serendipitous. Four relatively well-preserved adult skeletons were recovered with few artifacts. All four individuals show indicators of manual labor, health and disease stressors, and dental health issues. Two show indicators of trauma, with the possibility of judicial hanging in one individual. Musculoskeletal markings are consistent with physical stress, and two individuals have arthritic indicators of repetitive movement/specialized activities. Radiographic analyses show osteopenia, healed trauma, and other pathologies in several individuals. Dental calculus analysis did not identify any tuberculosis indicators, despite osteological markers. Isotopic analyses of teeth indicate that all four were likely recent immigrants to the Northeastern United States. Nuclear and mitochondrial DNA were recovered from three individuals, and these analyses identified ancestry, hair/eye color, and relatedness. Genetic and isotopic results upended our initial ancestry assessment based on burial context alone. These individuals provide biocultural evidence of New Haven's Industrial Revolution and the plasticity of ethnic and religious identity in the immigrant experience. Their recovery and the multifaceted analyses described here illuminate a previously undescribed part of the city's rich history. The collective expertise of biological, geochemical, archaeological, and historical researchers interprets socioeconomic and cultural identity better than any one could alone. Our combined efforts changed our initial assumptions of a poor urban Catholic cemetery's membership, and provide a template for future discoveries and analyses.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.