학술논문
A(H3N2) antigenic variation of influenza is associated with low vaccine efficacy in the early 2018 influenza season in Mexico City.
Document Type
Academic Journal
Author
Hernández-Hernández VA; National Institute of Respiratory Diseases 'Ismael Cosio Villegas' (INER), Department of Research in Virology and Mycology, Mexico City, Mexico; National Autonomous University of Mexico, Postgraduate in Biological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Mexico City, Mexico.; Higuera-Iglesias AL; National Institute of Respiratory Diseases 'Ismael Cosio Villegas' (INER), Research in Clinical Epidemiology, Mexico City, Mexico.; Palma-Cortes G; National Institute of Respiratory Diseases 'Ismael Cosio Villegas' (INER), Department of Research in Virology and Mycology, Mexico City, Mexico.; Tapia-Trejo D; National Institute of Respiratory Diseases 'Ismael Cosio Villegas' (INER), Infectious Disease Research Center, Mexico City, Mexico.; Ávila-Ríos S; National Institute of Respiratory Diseases 'Ismael Cosio Villegas' (INER), Infectious Disease Research Center, Mexico City, Mexico.; González-Fernández RR; National Institute of Respiratory Diseases 'Ismael Cosio Villegas' (INER), Department of Research in Virology and Mycology, Mexico City, Mexico.; Pérez-Moreno LÁ; National Institute of Respiratory Diseases 'Ismael Cosio Villegas' (INER), Department of Research in Virology and Mycology, Mexico City, Mexico.; Zuñiga-Ramos JA; National Institute of Respiratory Diseases 'Ismael Cosio Villegas' (INER), Immunobiology and Genetics Laboratory, Mexico City, Mexico; Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mexico City, Mexico.; Guadarrama-Pérez C; National Institute of Respiratory Diseases 'Ismael Cosio Villegas' (INER), Institutional Influenza Committee, Mexico City, Mexico.; Sandoval-Gutiérrez JL; National Institute of Respiratory Diseases 'Ismael Cosio Villegas' (INER), Institutional Influenza Committee, Mexico City, Mexico.; Cabello-Gutiérrez C; National Institute of Respiratory Diseases 'Ismael Cosio Villegas' (INER), Department of Research in Virology and Mycology, Mexico City, Mexico. Electronic address: carloscginer@gmail.com.
Source
Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: Canada NLM ID: 9610933 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1878-3511 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 12019712 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Int J Infect Dis Subsets: MEDLINE
Subject
Language
English
Abstract
Objectives: We evaluated the VE and the mutations of the viruses present in the Mexican population at the beginning of 2018.
Methods: We diagnosed influenza in outpatients with a high-performance Rapid Influenza Diagnostic Test (RIDT) qRT-PCR. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the study population, while the chi-square test was used to determine clinical variables. VE was analyzed through a negative test design. We sequenced the hemagglutinin (HA) gene, performed a phylogenetic analysis, and analyzed the nonsynonymous substitutions both in and outside antigenic sites.
Results: Of the 240 patients analyzed, 42.5% received the trivalent vaccine, and 37.5% were positive for influenza. The VE for the general population for any influenza virus type or subtype was 37.0%, while the VE for the predominant influenza A(H3N2) subtype was the lowest (19.7%). The phylogenetic analysis of HA showed the co-circulation of clades and subclades 3C.2a1, 3C.2a1b, 3C.2a2, 3C.2a2re, 3C.2a3, and 3C.3a with identities approximately 97-98% similar to the vaccine composition.
Conclusion: Low VE was related to the co-circulation of multiple clades and subclades of influenza A(H3N2), with sufficient genetic and phenotypic distance to allow for the infection of vaccinated individuals.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors have no competing interests to declare.
(Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
Methods: We diagnosed influenza in outpatients with a high-performance Rapid Influenza Diagnostic Test (RIDT) qRT-PCR. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the study population, while the chi-square test was used to determine clinical variables. VE was analyzed through a negative test design. We sequenced the hemagglutinin (HA) gene, performed a phylogenetic analysis, and analyzed the nonsynonymous substitutions both in and outside antigenic sites.
Results: Of the 240 patients analyzed, 42.5% received the trivalent vaccine, and 37.5% were positive for influenza. The VE for the general population for any influenza virus type or subtype was 37.0%, while the VE for the predominant influenza A(H3N2) subtype was the lowest (19.7%). The phylogenetic analysis of HA showed the co-circulation of clades and subclades 3C.2a1, 3C.2a1b, 3C.2a2, 3C.2a2re, 3C.2a3, and 3C.3a with identities approximately 97-98% similar to the vaccine composition.
Conclusion: Low VE was related to the co-circulation of multiple clades and subclades of influenza A(H3N2), with sufficient genetic and phenotypic distance to allow for the infection of vaccinated individuals.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors have no competing interests to declare.
(Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)