학술논문
Palladium (II)-Catalyzed C-H Activation with Bifunctional Ligands: From Curiosity to Industrialization.
Document Type
Academic Journal
Author
Wu K; Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.; Lam N; Department of Chemistry, Cambridge University, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK.; Strassfeld DA; Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.; Fan Z; Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.; Qiao JX; Small Molecule Drug Discovery, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, 250 Water Street, Cambridge, MA 02141, USA.; Liu T; Discovery Chemistry Research & Technology Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Biotechnology Center, 10290 Campus Point Dr, San Diego, CA 92121, USA.; Stamos D; Research & Development, Flagship Pioneering, 55 Cambridge Parkway Suite 800E, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.; Yu JQ; Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Source
Publisher: Wiley-VCH Country of Publication: Germany NLM ID: 0370543 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1521-3773 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14337851 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Angew Chem Int Ed Engl Subsets: PubMed not MEDLINE; MEDLINE
Subject
Language
English
Abstract
In 2001, our curiosity to understand the stereochemistry of C-H metalation with Pd prompted our first studies in Pd(II)-catalyzed asymmetric C-H activation (RSC Research appointment: 020 7451 2545, Grant: RG 36873, Dec. 2002). We identified four central challenges: 1. poor reactivity of simple Pd salts with native substrates; 2. few strategies to control site selectivity for remote C-H bonds; 3. the lack of chiral catalysts to achieve enantioselectivity via asymmetric C-H metalation, and 4. low practicality due to limited coupling partner scope and the use of specialized oxidants. These challenges necessitated new strategies in catalyst and reaction development. For reactivity, we developed approaches to enhance substrate-catalyst affinity together with novel bifunctional ligands which participate in and accelerate the C-H cleavage step. For site-selectivity, we introduced the concept of systematically modulating the distance and geometry between a directing template, catalyst, and substrate to selectively access remote C-H bonds. For enantioselectivity, we devised predictable stereomodels for catalyst-controlled enantioselective C-H activation based on the participation of bifunctional ligands. Finally, for practicality, we have developed varied catalytic manifolds for Pd(II) to accommodate diverse coupling partners while employing practical oxidants such as simple peroxides. These advances have culminated in numerous C-H activation reactions, setting the stage for broad industrial applications.
(© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)
(© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)