학술논문
Non-tuberculous mycobacterial disease associated with Mycobacterium montefiorense in salamanders.
Document Type
Academic Journal
Author
Komine T; Laboratory of Aquatic Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino, Tokyo, Japan.; Department of Mycobacteriology, Leprosy Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Higashimurayama, Tokyo, Japan.; Ihara H; Laboratory of Aquatic Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino, Tokyo, Japan.; Inohana M; Laboratory of Aquatic Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino, Tokyo, Japan.; Kwok JC; Retinal Disease Studies Facility, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States.; Shimizu A; Laboratory of Aquatic Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino, Tokyo, Japan.; Terasawa T; Laboratory of Aquatic Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino, Tokyo, Japan.; Miyazaki A; Laboratory of Aquatic Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino, Tokyo, Japan.; Srivorakul S; Center of Veterinary Diagnosis and Technology Transfer, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.; Iwao H; Niigata City Aquarium, Niigata, Japan.; Harada S; Niigata City Aquarium, Niigata, Japan.; Yoshida M; Department of Mycobacteriology, Leprosy Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Higashimurayama, Tokyo, Japan.; Hoshino Y; Department of Mycobacteriology, Leprosy Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Higashimurayama, Tokyo, Japan.; Kurata O; Laboratory of Aquatic Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino, Tokyo, Japan.; Fukano H; Department of Mycobacteriology, Leprosy Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Higashimurayama, Tokyo, Japan.; Wada S; Laboratory of Aquatic Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino, Tokyo, Japan.
Source
Publisher: Frontiers Media S.A Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101666658 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Print ISSN: 2297-1769 (Print) Linking ISSN: 22971769 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Front Vet Sci Subsets: PubMed not MEDLINE
Subject
Language
English
ISSN
2297-1769
Abstract
Introduction: Mycobacterium montefiorense is one of the causes of non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections in moray eels and salamanders. Although M. montefiorense infection could be a threat to salamanders, little information is available regarding this pathogen and associated infection. This study aimed to provide fundamental information regarding M. montefiorense and its infection in salamanders.
Methods: Nine M. montefiorense strains isolated from three species of salamanders, namely, Japanese black salamander ( Hynobius nigrescens ), Hakuba salamander ( H. hidamontanus ), and Tohoku hynobiid salamander ( H. lichenatus ), between 2010 and 2018, were characterized based on phenotypic and genetic examination. We also pathologically observed salamanders infected with the M. montefiorense strains, including Hakuba salamanders and Tohoku hynobiid salamanders.
Results: The microbiological and chemical characteristics of the M. montefiorense salamander and an eel strain (reference strain) matched. Susceptibility testing for antimicrobials suggested that clarithromycin may be effective. Regarding disinfectants, phtharal, peracetic acid, glutaral, sodium hypochlorite, and benzalkonium chloride may be effective. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that the strains isolated from salamanders in 2014 and 2018 were genetically closely related, which could indicate an outbreak. The main gross findings in infected salamanders include skin ulcerative lesions or nodules in the enlarged liver. Microscopically, multifocal to coalescent granulomatous lesions composed of massive macrophages containing numerous acid-fast bacilli were prominently observed in the liver.
Conclusion: This study contributes to our understanding of the genetic diversity and phenotypic characteristics of M. montefiorense , as well as the pathology of the infection.
Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
(Copyright © 2023 Komine, Ihara, Inohana, Kwok, Shimizu, Terasawa, Miyazaki, Srivorakul, Iwao, Harada, Yoshida, Hoshino, Kurata, Fukano and Wada.)
Methods: Nine M. montefiorense strains isolated from three species of salamanders, namely, Japanese black salamander ( Hynobius nigrescens ), Hakuba salamander ( H. hidamontanus ), and Tohoku hynobiid salamander ( H. lichenatus ), between 2010 and 2018, were characterized based on phenotypic and genetic examination. We also pathologically observed salamanders infected with the M. montefiorense strains, including Hakuba salamanders and Tohoku hynobiid salamanders.
Results: The microbiological and chemical characteristics of the M. montefiorense salamander and an eel strain (reference strain) matched. Susceptibility testing for antimicrobials suggested that clarithromycin may be effective. Regarding disinfectants, phtharal, peracetic acid, glutaral, sodium hypochlorite, and benzalkonium chloride may be effective. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that the strains isolated from salamanders in 2014 and 2018 were genetically closely related, which could indicate an outbreak. The main gross findings in infected salamanders include skin ulcerative lesions or nodules in the enlarged liver. Microscopically, multifocal to coalescent granulomatous lesions composed of massive macrophages containing numerous acid-fast bacilli were prominently observed in the liver.
Conclusion: This study contributes to our understanding of the genetic diversity and phenotypic characteristics of M. montefiorense , as well as the pathology of the infection.
Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
(Copyright © 2023 Komine, Ihara, Inohana, Kwok, Shimizu, Terasawa, Miyazaki, Srivorakul, Iwao, Harada, Yoshida, Hoshino, Kurata, Fukano and Wada.)