학술논문
Validation of the brain health index in the European Prevention of Alzheimer's Dementia cohort.
Document Type
Academic Journal
Author
Watt JK; School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom.; Dickie DA; School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom.; Ho FK; School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom.; Lyall DM; School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom.; Dawson J; School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom.; Quinn TJ; School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom.
Source
Publisher: Elsevier B.V Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 101774849 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2666-2450 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 26662450 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Cereb Circ Cogn Behav Subsets: PubMed not MEDLINE
Subject
Language
English
Abstract
Background: Brain Health Index (BHI) assimilates various MRI sequences, giving a quantitative measure of brain health. To date, BHI validation has been cross-sectional and limited to selected populations. Further large-scale validation and assessment of temporal change is required to understand its clinical utility.
Aim: Assess 1) relationships between variables associated with cognitive decline and BHI 2) associations between BHI and measures of cognition and 3) longitudinal changes in BHI and relationship with cognitive function.
Methods: BHI computation involved Gaussian mixture-model cluster analysis of T1, T2, T2*, and T2 FLAIR MRI data from participants within the European Prevention of Alzheimer's Dementia (EPAD) cohort. Group differences (gender- and health-based) were evaluated using independent samples Welch's t-tests. Relationships between BHI, age and cognitive tests used linear regression. Longitudinal analysis (12/24 months) utilised mixed linear regression models to examine BHI changes, and paired BHI/cognition associations.
Results: Data from N = 1496 predominantly Caucasian participants (50-88 years old, 43.32% male) were used. BHI scores were lower in those with diabetes ( p < 0.001, d = 0.419), hypertension ( p < 0.001, d = 0.375), hypercholesterolemia ( p < 0.001, d = 0.193) and stroke ( p < 0.05, d = 0.512). APOE was not significantly related to BHI scores. After correction for age, cross-sectional BHI scores were significantly associated with all measures of cognitive function in males, but only the Four Mountains Test (4MT) in females. Longitudinal change in BHI and cognition were not consistently related.
Conclusions: BHI is a valid marker of cognitive decline and relatively stable over 1-2 year follow-up periods. Further work should assess temporal changes over a longer duration and determine relationships between BHI and cognition in more diverse populations.
Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. This work used data and/or samples from the EPAD project which received support from the EU/EFPIA Innovative Medicines Initiative Joint Undertaking EPAD grant agreement n° 115736 and an Alzheimer's Association Grant (SG21-818099-EPAD). JKW was funded for the work herein by a Chief Scientist Office Research Grant (Reference: TCS/19/31).
(© 2024 The Authors.)
Aim: Assess 1) relationships between variables associated with cognitive decline and BHI 2) associations between BHI and measures of cognition and 3) longitudinal changes in BHI and relationship with cognitive function.
Methods: BHI computation involved Gaussian mixture-model cluster analysis of T1, T2, T2*, and T2 FLAIR MRI data from participants within the European Prevention of Alzheimer's Dementia (EPAD) cohort. Group differences (gender- and health-based) were evaluated using independent samples Welch's t-tests. Relationships between BHI, age and cognitive tests used linear regression. Longitudinal analysis (12/24 months) utilised mixed linear regression models to examine BHI changes, and paired BHI/cognition associations.
Results: Data from N = 1496 predominantly Caucasian participants (50-88 years old, 43.32% male) were used. BHI scores were lower in those with diabetes ( p < 0.001, d = 0.419), hypertension ( p < 0.001, d = 0.375), hypercholesterolemia ( p < 0.001, d = 0.193) and stroke ( p < 0.05, d = 0.512). APOE was not significantly related to BHI scores. After correction for age, cross-sectional BHI scores were significantly associated with all measures of cognitive function in males, but only the Four Mountains Test (4MT) in females. Longitudinal change in BHI and cognition were not consistently related.
Conclusions: BHI is a valid marker of cognitive decline and relatively stable over 1-2 year follow-up periods. Further work should assess temporal changes over a longer duration and determine relationships between BHI and cognition in more diverse populations.
Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. This work used data and/or samples from the EPAD project which received support from the EU/EFPIA Innovative Medicines Initiative Joint Undertaking EPAD grant agreement n° 115736 and an Alzheimer's Association Grant (SG21-818099-EPAD). JKW was funded for the work herein by a Chief Scientist Office Research Grant (Reference: TCS/19/31).
(© 2024 The Authors.)