학술논문
Laboratory method to induce state boredom increases impulsive choice in people who use cocaine and controls.
Document Type
Academic Journal
Author
Chao T; Institute of Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.; Todman M; Department of Psychology, The New School for Social Research, New York, NY, USA.; Foltin RW; Division on Substance Use Disorders, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.; Evans SM; Division on Substance Use Disorders, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.; Bedi G; Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne and Substance Use Research Group, Melbourne, Orygen, Australia.
Source
Publisher: Informa Healthcare Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 7502510 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1097-9891 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00952990 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse Subsets: MEDLINE
Subject
Language
English
Abstract
Background: Impulsive choice is associated with both cocaine use and relapse. Little is known about the influence of transient states on impulsive choice in people who use cocaine (PWUC). Objective: This study investigated the direct effects of induced boredom on impulsive choice (i.e., temporal discounting) in PWUC relative to well-matched community controls. Methods: Forty-one PWUC (≥1× cocaine use in past 3 months; 7 females) and 38 demographically matched controls (5 females) underwent two experimental conditions in counterbalanced order. Temporal discounting was assessed immediately after a standardized boredom induction task (peg-turning) and a self-selected video watched for the same duration (non-boredom). Subjective mood state and perceived task characteristics were assessed at baseline, during experimental manipulations, and after the choice task. Results: PWUC and controls were well matched on sex, age, and socioeconomic status. Groups were also similar in reported use of drugs other than cocaine, except for recent cigarette and alcohol use (PWUC > controls). As expected, peg-turning increased boredom in the sample overall, with higher boredom reported during peg-turning than the video ( p < .001, η 2 p = .20). Participants overall exhibited greater impulsive choice after boredom than non-boredom ( p = .028, η 2 p = .07), with no preferential effects in PWUC ( p > .05, BF 01 = 2.9). Conclusion: Experimentally induced boredom increased state impulsivity irrespective of cocaine use status - in PWUC and carefully matched controls - suggesting a broad link between boredom and impulsive choice. This is the first study to show that transient boredom directly increases impulsive choice. Data support a viable laboratory method to further parse the effects of boredom on impulsive choice.