학술논문
Smoked cannabis reduces peak cocaine plasma levels and subjective effects in a controlled drug administration study of polysubstance use in men.
Document Type
Academic Journal
Author
Murray CH; UCLA Center for Cannabis and Cannabinoids, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA.; Haney M; Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY, USA.; Foltin RW; Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY, USA.; Manubay J; Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY, USA.; Bedi G; Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne and Substance Use Research Group, Orygen, Melbourne, Australia.; Cooper ZD; UCLA Center for Cannabis and Cannabinoids, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA; Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY, USA; Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine University of California, Los Angeles, USA. Electronic address: zcooper@mednet.ucla.edu.
Source
Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: Ireland NLM ID: 7513587 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1879-0046 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 03768716 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Drug Alcohol Depend Subsets: MEDLINE
Subject
Language
English
Abstract
Background: Despite the high prevalence of polysubstance use, outcomes and potential risks associated with common drug combinations are not well characterized. Many individuals who use cocaine also use cannabis, yet little is known about how interactions between the two drugs might contribute to continued co-use.
Methods: The aim of this double-blind, placebo-controlled study was to determine the physiological and subjective effects of smoked cannabis with smoked cocaine, to identify variables that may contribute to the continued use of this drug combination. Healthy, non-treatment seeking volunteers who reported smoking both cocaine and cannabis (N = 9, all males) completed a 13-day inpatient protocol. On session days, cannabis [0.0 or 5.6 % tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)] was administered 28 min prior to cocaine (0, 12, or 25 mg). Dependent measures included pharmacokinetic assessment of THC and cocaine and their respective metabolites, in addition to subjective and cardiovascular effects.
Results: Active cannabis (5.6 % THC) increased plasma levels of THC and the metabolite 11-nor-9-carboxy-Δ9-THC (THCCOOH), as well as subjective ratings of cannabis effects and heart rate relative to inactive cannabis. Cocaine dose-dependently increased plasma cocaine and metabolites and subjective ratings of cocaine effects. Active cannabis pre-treatment decreased plasma levels of cocaine and metabolites. Furthermore, active cannabis attenuated cocaine-related reductions in 'Hunger' and 'Calm.'
Conclusions: Cannabis pre-treatment altered the subjective experience of smoked cocaine and reduced peak plasma levels of cocaine. Future studies should explore additional doses of each drug and whether these changes also impact cocaine's reinforcing effects.
Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no competing interests or disclosures with this publication. Outside of this work, ZDC reports receiving study drug from Canopy Growth Corp and True Terpenes, and study-related materials from Storz & Bickel. MH serves on the Scientific Advisory Board for Pleo Pharma.
(Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
Methods: The aim of this double-blind, placebo-controlled study was to determine the physiological and subjective effects of smoked cannabis with smoked cocaine, to identify variables that may contribute to the continued use of this drug combination. Healthy, non-treatment seeking volunteers who reported smoking both cocaine and cannabis (N = 9, all males) completed a 13-day inpatient protocol. On session days, cannabis [0.0 or 5.6 % tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)] was administered 28 min prior to cocaine (0, 12, or 25 mg). Dependent measures included pharmacokinetic assessment of THC and cocaine and their respective metabolites, in addition to subjective and cardiovascular effects.
Results: Active cannabis (5.6 % THC) increased plasma levels of THC and the metabolite 11-nor-9-carboxy-Δ9-THC (THCCOOH), as well as subjective ratings of cannabis effects and heart rate relative to inactive cannabis. Cocaine dose-dependently increased plasma cocaine and metabolites and subjective ratings of cocaine effects. Active cannabis pre-treatment decreased plasma levels of cocaine and metabolites. Furthermore, active cannabis attenuated cocaine-related reductions in 'Hunger' and 'Calm.'
Conclusions: Cannabis pre-treatment altered the subjective experience of smoked cocaine and reduced peak plasma levels of cocaine. Future studies should explore additional doses of each drug and whether these changes also impact cocaine's reinforcing effects.
Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no competing interests or disclosures with this publication. Outside of this work, ZDC reports receiving study drug from Canopy Growth Corp and True Terpenes, and study-related materials from Storz & Bickel. MH serves on the Scientific Advisory Board for Pleo Pharma.
(Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)