학술논문
[Epidemiological investigation of iron deficiency among preschool children in 10 provinces, autonomous regions, or municipalities in China].
Document Type
Academic Journal
Author
Wang L; Department of Child Health Care, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310003, China.; Shao J; Department of Child Health Care, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310003, China.; Dong WW; Department of Child Health Care, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310003, China.; Zheng SS; Department of Child Health Care, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310003, China.; Zhu BQ; Department of Child Health Care, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310003, China.; Shu Q; Department of Child Health Care, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310003, China.; Chen W; Department of Child Health Care, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University (Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Henan Province), Zhengzhou 450052, China.; Fan LC; Department of Child Health Care, Hainan Women and Children's Medical Center, Haikou 570206, China.; Sun J; Department of Child Health Medicine, Dalian Women and Children's Medical Group, Dalian 116033, China.; Gao Y; Department of Child Health Care, Urumqi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Urumqi 830001, China.; Hu YF; Department of Children's Health Care, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Jiangsu Women and Children Health Hospital, Nanjing 210036, China.; Wang NR; Department of Child Health Care, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, China.; Wang ZH; Health Center of the Children, Xi'an People's Hospital (Xi'an Fourth Hospital), Xi'an 710004, China.; Niu TT; Department of Child Health Care, Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Shandong Province, Jinan 250014, China.; Luo Y; Department of Child Health Care, Guiyang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Guiyang 550001, China.; Gao J; Department of Hematology/Oncology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Chronobiology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.; Tong ML; Department of Child Health Care, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Women and Children's Healthcare Hospital), Nanjing 210004, China.; Hu Y; Health Care Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100045, China.; Xiang W; Department of Child Health Care, Hainan Women and Children's Medical Center, Haikou 570206, China.; Zhao ZY; Department of Child Health Care, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310003, China.; Mao M; Department of Child Health Care, West China Second University Hospital, Sichun University, Chengdu 610041, China.; Jiang F; Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai 200127, China.
Source
Publisher: Chinese Medical Association Country of Publication: China NLM ID: 0417427 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Print ISSN: 0578-1310 (Print) Linking ISSN: 05781310 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi Subsets: MEDLINE
Subject
Language
Chinese
ISSN
0578-1310
Abstract
Objective: To understand the current status of anemia, iron deficiency, and iron-deficiency anemia among preschool children in China. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with a multi-stage stratified sampling method to select 150 streets or townships from 10 Chinese provinces, autonomous regions, or municipalities (East: Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shandong, and Hainan; Central: Henan; West: Chongqing, Shaanxi, Guizhou, and Xinjiang; Northeast: Liaoning). From May 2022 to April 2023, a total of 21 470 children, including community-based children aged 0.5 to<3.0 years receiving child health care and kindergarten-based children aged 3.0 to<7.0 years, were surveyed. They were divided into 3 age groups: infants (0.5 to<1.0 year), toddlers (1.0 to<3.0 years), and preschoolers (3.0 to<7.0 years). Basic information such as sex and date of birth of the children was collected, and peripheral blood samples were obtained for routine blood tests and serum ferritin measurement. The prevalence rates of anemia, iron deficiency, and iron-deficiency anemia were analyzed, and the prevalence rate differences were compared among different ages, sex, urban and rural areas, and regions using the chi-square test. Results: A total of 21 460 valid responses were collected, including 10 780 boys (50.2%). The number of infants, toddlers, and preschoolers were 2 645 (12.3%), 6 244 (29.1%), and 12 571 (58.6%), respectively. The hemoglobin level was (126.7±14.8) g/L, and the serum ferritin level was 32.3 (18.5, 50.1) μg/L. The overall rates of anemia, iron deficiency, and iron-deficiency anemia were 10.4% (2 230/21 460), 28.3% (6 070/21 460), and 3.9% (845/21 460), respectively. The prevalence rate of anemia was higher for boys than for girls (10.9% (1 173/10 780) vs . 9.9% (1 057/10 680), χ 2 =5.58, P =0.018), with statistically significant differences in the rates for infants, toddlers and preschoolers (18.0% (475/2 645), 10.6% (662/6 244), and 8.7% (1 093/12 571), respectively, χ 2 =201.81, P <0.01), and the rate was significantly higher for children in rural than that in urban area (11.8% (1 516/12 883) vs . 8.3% (714/8 577), χ 2 =65.54, P <0.01), with statistically significant differences in the rates by region ( χ 2 =126.60, P <0.01), with the highest rate of 15.8% (343/2 173) for children in Central region, and the lowest rate of 5.3% (108/2 053) in Northeastern region. The prevalence rates of iron deficiency were 33.8% (895/2 645), 32.2% (2 011/6 244), and 25.2% (3 164/12 571) in infants, toddlers, and preschoolers, respectively, and 30.0% (3 229/10 780) in boys vs. 26.6% (2 841/10 680) in girls, 21.7% (1 913/8 821), 40.0% (870/2 173), 27.1% (2 283/8 413), 48.9% (1 004/2 053) in Eastern, Central, Western, and Northeastern regions, respectively, and each between-group showed a significant statistical difference ( χ 2 =147.71, 29.73, 773.02, all P <0.01). The prevalence rate of iron-deficiency anemia showed a significant statistical difference between urban and rural areas, 2.9% (251/8 577) vs. 4.6% (594/12 883) ( χ 2 =38.62, P <0.01), while the difference in iron deficiency prevalence was not significant ( χ 2 =0.51, P =0.476). Conclusions: There has been a notable improvement in iron deficiency and iron-deficiency anemia among preschool children in China, but the situation remains concerning. Particular attention should be paid to the prevention and control of iron deficiency and iron-deficiency anemia, especially among infants and children in the Central, Western, and Northeastern regions of China.