학술논문
Vitamin D3 and COVID-19 Outcomes: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses.
Document Type
Academic Journal
Author
Petrelli F; Oncology Unit, ASST Bergamo Ovest, 24047 Treviglio, Italy.; Oldani S; Oncology Unit, ASST Bergamo Ovest, 24047 Treviglio, Italy.; Borgonovo K; Oncology Unit, ASST Bergamo Ovest, 24047 Treviglio, Italy.; Cabiddu M; Oncology Unit, ASST Bergamo Ovest, 24047 Treviglio, Italy.; Dognini G; Oncology Unit, ASST Bergamo Ovest, 24047 Treviglio, Italy.; Ghilardi M; Oncology Unit, ASST Bergamo Ovest, 24047 Treviglio, Italy.; Parati MC; Oncology Unit, ASST Bergamo Ovest, 24047 Treviglio, Italy.; Petro' D; Oncology Unit, ASST Bergamo Ovest, 24047 Treviglio, Italy.; Dottorini L; Oncology Unit, ASST Bergamo Ovest, 24047 Treviglio, Italy.; Rea C; Oncology Unit, ASST Bergamo Ovest, 24047 Treviglio, Italy.; Lonati V; Oncology Unit, ASST Bergamo Ovest, 24047 Treviglio, Italy.; Luciani A; Oncology Unit, ASST Bergamo Ovest, 24047 Treviglio, Italy.; Ghidini A; Oncology Unit, Casa di Cura Igea, 20129 Milan, Italy.
Source
Publisher: MDPI AG Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101668981 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Print ISSN: 2076-3921 (Print) Linking ISSN: 20763921 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Antioxidants (Basel) Subsets: PubMed not MEDLINE
Subject
Language
English
ISSN
2076-3921
Abstract
Background: The immune system (innate and adaptive) is influenced by vitamin D3, which affects gene expression and inflammatory pathways. An umbrella review was conducted to evaluate the power and accuracy of data connecting vitamin D3 to the outcomes of COVID-19 infection and to appraise the proof provided by published meta-analyses.
Methods: MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched from database inception to 31 May 2022. Meta-analyses of prospective or retrospective observational studies and randomized trials were included. Evidence of association was graded according to the established criteria: strong, highly suggestive, suggestive, weak, or not significant.
Results: From 74 publications, 27 meta-analyses described five associations between vitamin D3 levels and supplementation and COVID-19 outcomes. Low levels of vitamin D3 were significantly associated with severity (highly suggestive evidence; OR = 1.97 [95% CI, 1.55-2.51], p < 0.01; I2 = 77%, p < 0.01) and mortality risk due to COVID-19 disease (OR = 1.83 [95% CI, 1.55-2.16], p < 0.01; I 2 = 50%, p < 0.01). Vitamin D3 supplementation, after a diagnosis of COVID-19 infection, was associated with significantly reduced infection severity (e.g., ICU admission) and mortality.
Conclusions: This umbrella review of the available evidence suggests that insufficient vitamin D3 may increase COVID-19 infection risk, severity, and mortality, in addition to showing a highly suggestive association between vitamin D3 supplementation and reduced severity and mortality among infected patients.
Methods: MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched from database inception to 31 May 2022. Meta-analyses of prospective or retrospective observational studies and randomized trials were included. Evidence of association was graded according to the established criteria: strong, highly suggestive, suggestive, weak, or not significant.
Results: From 74 publications, 27 meta-analyses described five associations between vitamin D3 levels and supplementation and COVID-19 outcomes. Low levels of vitamin D3 were significantly associated with severity (highly suggestive evidence; OR = 1.97 [95% CI, 1.55-2.51], p < 0.01; I
Conclusions: This umbrella review of the available evidence suggests that insufficient vitamin D3 may increase COVID-19 infection risk, severity, and mortality, in addition to showing a highly suggestive association between vitamin D3 supplementation and reduced severity and mortality among infected patients.