학술논문
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
Document Type
Academic Journal
Author
Faraone SV; Departments of Psychiatry and of Neuroscience and Physiology, Norton College of Medicine at SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA. svfaraone@upstate.edu.; Bellgrove MA; School of Psychological Sciences, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.; Brikell I; Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.; Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.; Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.; Cortese S; Centre for Innovation in Mental Health, School of Psychology, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.; Clinical and Experimental Sciences (CNS and Psychiatry), Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.; Solent NHS Trust, Southampton, UK.; Hassenfeld Children's Hospital at NYU Langone, New York University Child Study Center, New York City, NY, USA.; DiMePRe-J-Department of Precision and Rigenerative Medicine-Jonic Area, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari, Italy.; Hartman CA; Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion regulation (ICPE), Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.; Hollis C; National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) MindTech MedTech Co-operative and NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Mental Health, Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.; Newcorn JH; Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.; Philipsen A; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.; Polanczyk GV; Department of Psychiatry, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.; Rubia K; Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neurosciences, King's College London, London, UK.; Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Transcampus Professor KCL-Dresden, Technical University, Dresden, Germany.; Sibley MH; University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.; Buitelaar JK; Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, Netherlands.; Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands.
Source
Publisher: Nature Publishing Group Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101672103 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2056-676X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 2056676X NLM ISO Abbreviation: Nat Rev Dis Primers Subsets: MEDLINE
Subject
Language
English
Abstract
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD; also known as hyperkinetic disorder) is a common neurodevelopmental condition that affects children and adults worldwide. ADHD has a predominantly genetic aetiology that involves common and rare genetic variants. Some environmental correlates of the disorder have been discovered but causation has been difficult to establish. The heterogeneity of the condition is evident in the diverse presentation of symptoms and levels of impairment, the numerous co-occurring mental and physical conditions, the various domains of neurocognitive impairment, and extensive minor structural and functional brain differences. The diagnosis of ADHD is reliable and valid when evaluated with standard diagnostic criteria. Curative treatments for ADHD do not exist but evidence-based treatments substantially reduce symptoms and/or functional impairment. Medications are effective for core symptoms and are usually well tolerated. Some non-pharmacological treatments are valuable, especially for improving adaptive functioning. Clinical and neurobiological research is ongoing and could lead to the creation of personalized diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for this disorder.
(© 2024. Springer Nature Limited.)
(© 2024. Springer Nature Limited.)