부산대학교 도서관

Strength and conditioning is an essential aspect to athlete development. The COVID-19 pandemic forced many collegiate athletes to train at home, without access to strength and conditioning facilities. PURPOSE: To examine body composition of National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I football players pre- and post-COVID-19 quarantine. METHODS: Body composition of 29 NCAA Division I football players (Age=21.0±10 yrs, Ht=186.7±5.6 cm, Wt=110.5 ±22.8 kg) were measured around the start of Spring season (March) and prior to pre-season training (June) following a minimum 2h fast and having refrained from recent exercise. Whole body dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was used to determine regional (arms, legs, trunk) and total body fat mass (FM), lean mass (LM), and fat free mass (FFM). Fat-Free Mass Index (FFMI) was calculated (FFMI= [LM+Bone Mineral Content (BMC)]/Height2); participants were stratified by FFMI (Upper: >25 lbs/m²; n=16, Lower: <25 lbs/m², n=13). Paired samples t-tests were used to evaluate the effect of pre vs. post-COVID quarantine on body composition. RESULTS: For the total sample, trunk LM (Mean Difference ± Standard Error: -0.96± 0.21 kg, p<0.001), and trunk FFM (-0.98± 0.21 kg, p<0.001) measures significantly increased from pre¬to post-COVID quarantine. Legs FM was significantly decreased (0.46±0.19 kg, p=0.023) post-COVID-19. Players with a lower FFMI showed a significant decrease in legs FM (0.47 ± 0.17 kg, p=0.016), trunk percent fat (1.15±0.42%, p=0.017), and trunk FM (0.55± 0.19 kg, p=0.016). Players in the upper FFMI showed a significant increase in total LM (-0.96±0.42 kg, p=0.038), total FFM (-0.99± 0.43 kg, p=0.036), and a decrease in arm FFM (0.49 ± 0.22 kg, p=0.045). CONCLUSIONS: The collective improvement in trunk LM and FFM, as well as decreases in leg FM, suggest the limited access to weight room equipment did not have a detrimental effect on body composition. Upper body FFM was lost only in the more muscular cohort (FFMI <25 lbs/m²). Overall, virtual programming and nutritional support likely played an important role in the improvements and maintenance of body composition outcomes during quarantine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]