부산대학교 도서관

The hump-backed ginglymodian fishKyphosichthys grandei, from the Anisian (Middle Triassic) of South China, is re-described. The revised description presents much previously unknown or misidentified anatomical information, such as the presence of a median gular plate; a short, broad, squarish rostral; two pairs of extrascapulars, of which the lateral one is fused with the parietal bone; parasphenoid having relatively large, dorsoposteriorly oriented ascending processes which articulate with the sphenotics; a complete row of scales bordering the body lobe; and supracleithrum with a concave facet for articulation with the posttemporal, etc. Taxonomical comparison clearly distinguishesKyphosichthysfrom other known hump-backed ginglymodians – that is,Luoxiongichthys,Lophionotus,SemiolepisandParalepidotus– and a potential stem-group ginglymodianDapedium. A more comprehensive cladistic analysis of the Ginglymodi is conducted herein based on incorporation of more morphological characters and taxa, and rectification of the character states of some taxa used in previous analyses after re-description ofKyphosichthys grandeiand better knowledge ofLuoxiongichthys hyperdorsalisandSangiorgioichthys suibased on our observations of specimens at the Geological Museum of Peking University, Beijing, China. The results of our analysis produce the most completely resolved and best-supported hypothesis for the monophyletic group Semionotiformes to date, and also support a new hypothesis that the Middle Triassic ginglymodiansLuoxiongichthys,SangiorgioichthysandKyphosichthysform a monophyletic group at the base of the Ginglymodi, of whichKyphosichthys grandeiis the sister group ofSangiorgioichthys sui. The new family Kyphosichthyidae is introduced. The present contribution supplements previous analyses of the Ginglymodi, especially for basal taxa and the clade Semionotiformes, and sheds new light on the origin and early diversification of the Ginglymodi. http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:C8ACA263-8658-4A66-BFF9-99F6D5C84E91 [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]