부산대학교 도서관

Lateral roots (LRs) are crucial for increasing the surface area of root systems to explore heterogeneous soil environments. Major advances have recently been made in the model plant arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) to elucidate the cellular basis of LR development and the underlying gene regulatory networks (GRNs) that control the morphogenesis of the new root organ. This has provided a foundation for understanding the sophisticated adaptive mechanisms that regulate how plants pattern their root branching to match the spatial availability of resources such as water and nutrients in their external environment. We review new insights into the molecular, cellular, and environmental regulation of LR development in arabidopsis. Major advances have recently been made in arabidopsis to elucidate the cellular basis of LR development and the underlying GRNs. New 4D imaging approaches are revolutionizing the perspective of the field on LR morphogenesis. Recent studies reveal that biomechanical interactions between the new primordia and overlying tissues impact on organ initiation and morphogenesis. We propose a new mechanism, termed the developmental traffic light model, to explain how mechanical signals influence the patterning of the LR primordium. LR research has progressed beyond studying individual genes to characterizing GRNs by exploiting innovative systems and omics-based approaches. Arabidopsis roots employ regulatory mechanisms to sense the availability of water and nutrients so as to adapt their pattern of branching to optimize resource capture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]