학술논문
Durability of Original Monovalent mRNA Vaccine Effectiveness Against COVID-19 Omicron–Associated Hospitalization in Children and Adolescents — United States, 2021–2023.
Document Type
Article
Author
Zambrano, Laura D.; Newhams, Margaret M.; Simeone, Regina M.; Payne, Amanda B.; Michael Wu; OrzelLockwood, Amber O.; Halasa, Natasha B.; Calixte, Jemima M.; Pannaraj, Pia S.; Mongkolrattanothai, Kanokporn; Boom, Julie A.; Sahni, Leila C.; Kamidani, Satoshi; Chiotos, Kathleen; Cameron, Melissa A.; Maddux, Aline B.; Irby, Katherine; Schuster, Jennifer E.; Mack, Elizabeth H.; Biggs, Austin
Source
Subject
*COVID-19 vaccines
*HEALTH outcome assessment
*VACCINE effectiveness
*HOSPITAL care
*VASOCONSTRICTORS
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Language
ISSN
0149-2195
Abstract
Pediatric COVID-19 vaccination is effective in preventing COVID-19–related hospitalization, but duration of protection of the original monovalent vaccine during SARS-CoV-2 Omicron predominance merits evaluation, particularly given low coverage with updated COVID-19 vaccines. During December 19, 2021–October 29, 2023, the Overcoming COVID-19 Network evaluated vaccine effectiveness (VE) of ≥2 original monovalent COVID-19 mRNA vaccine doses against COVID-19–related hospitalization and critical illness among U.S. children and adolescents aged 5–18 years, using a case-control design. Too few children and adolescents received bivalent or updated monovalent vaccines to separately evaluate their effectiveness. Most case-patients (persons with a positive SARS-CoV-2 test result) were unvaccinated, despite the high frequency of reported underlying conditions associated with severe COVID-19. VE of the original monovalent vaccine against COVID-19–related hospitalizations was 52% (95% CI = 33%–66%) when the most recent dose was administered <120 days before hospitalization and 19% (95% CI = 2%–32%) if the interval was 120–364 days. VE of the original monovalent vaccine against COVID-19–related hospitalization was 31% (95% CI = 18%–43%) if the last dose was received any time within the previous year. VE against critical COVID-19–related illness, defined as receipt of noninvasive or invasive mechanical ventilation, vasoactive infusions, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, and illness resulting in death, was 57% (95% CI = 21%–76%) when the most recent dose was received <120 days before hospitalization, 25% (95% CI = –9% to 49%) if it was received 120–364 days before hospitalization, and 38% (95% CI = 15%–55%) if the last dose was received any time within the previous year. VE was similar after excluding children and adolescents with *These senior authors contributed equally to this report. documented immunocompromising conditions. Because of the low frequency of children who received updated COVID-19 vaccines and waning effectiveness of original monovalent doses, these data support CDC recommendations that all children and adolescents receive updated COVID-19 vaccines to protect against severe COVID-19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]