부산대학교 도서관

Congenital heart disease (CHD) comprises a range of structural anomalies, each with a unique natural history, evolving treatment strategies, and distinct long-term consequences. Current prediction models are challenged by generalizability, limited validation, and questionable application to extended follow-up periods. In this JACC Scientific Statement, we tackle the difficulty of risk measurement across the lifespan. We appraise current and future risk measurement frameworks and describe domains of risk specific to CHD. Risk of adverse outcomes varies with age, sex, genetics, era, socioeconomic status, behavior, and comorbidities as they evolve through the lifespan and across care settings. Emerging technologies and approaches promise to improve risk assessment, but there is also need for large, longitudinal, representative, prospective CHD cohorts with multidimensional data and consensus-driven methodologies to provide insight into time-varying risk. Communication of risk, particularly with patients and their families, poses a separate and equally important challenge, and best practices are reviewed. [Display omitted] • Congenital heart diseases are associated with dynamic, individual, lifelong risk trajectories impacted by cardiovascular and noncardiovascular conditions. • Risk is influenced by lifelong exposure with long time windows for disease expression. • Reducing the risk of adverse events and improving long-term outcomes for patients with congenital heart disease requires partnership between patients, clinicians, investigators, and others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]