학술논문
Critically ill patients with community-onset intraabdominal infections: Influence of healthcare exposure on resistance rates and mortality.
Document Type
Article
Author
Maseda, Emilio; Ramírez, Sofía; Picatto, Pedro; Peláez-Peláez, Eva; García-Bernedo, Carlos; Ojeda-Betancur, Nazario; Aguilar, Gerardo; Forés, Beatriz; Solera-Marín, Jorge; Aliaño-Piña, María; Tamayo, Eduardo; Ramasco, Fernando; García-Álvarez, Raquel; González-Lisorge, Ada; Giménez, María-José; Suárez-de-la-Rica, Alejandro; null, null
Source
Subject
*INTRA-abdominal infections
*HEALTH facilities
*NOSOCOMIAL infections
*COMMUNITY-acquired infections
*CRITICALLY ill
*INTENSIVE care patients
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Language
ISSN
1932-6203
Abstract
The concept of healthcare-associated infections (as opposed to hospital-acquired infections) in intraabdominal infections (IAIs) is scarcely supported by data in the literature. The aim of the present study was to analyse community-onset IAIs (non-postoperative/non-nosocomial) in patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs), to investigate differences in resistance patterns linked to healthcare exposure and mortality-associated factors. A one-year prospective observational study (17 Spanish ICUs) was performed distributing cases as healthcare-associated infections (HCAI), community-acquired infections (CAI) and immunocompromised patients (ICP). Bacteria producing extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) and/or carbapenemase (CPE), high-level aminoglycoside- and/or methicillin- and/or vancomycin- resistance were considered antimicrobial resistant (AMR). Mortality-associated factors were identified by regression multivariate analysis. Of 345 patients included (18.8% HCAI, 6.1% ICP, 75.1% CAI), 51.6% presented generalized peritonitis; 32.5% were >75 years (55.4% among HCAI). Overall, 11.0% cases presented AMR (7.0% ESBL- and/or CPE), being significantly higher in HCAI (35.4%) vs. CAI (5.8%) (p<0.001) vs. ICP (0%) (p = 0.003). Overall 30-day mortality was 14.5%: 23.1% for HCAI and 11.6% for CAI (p = 0.016). Mortality (R2 = 0.262, p = 0.021) was positively associated with age >75 years (OR = 6.67, 95%CI = 2.56–17.36,p<0.001), Candida isolation (OR = 3.05, 95%CI = 1.18–7.87,p = 0.022), and SAPS II (per-point, OR = 1.08, 95%CI = 1.05–1.11, p<0.001) and negatively with biliary infections (OR = 0.06, 95%CI = 0.01–0.48,p = 0.008). In this study, the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of bacteria isolated from patients with healthcare contact was shifted to resistance, suggesting the need for consideration of the healthcare category (not including hospital-acquired infections) for severe IAIs. 30-day mortality was positively related with age >75 years, severity and Candida isolation but not with AMR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]