부산대학교 도서관

Simple Summary: IFNs are cytokines that play critical roles in the immune defense mechanisms that prevent virus spread. They also exhibit regulatory effects on the immune system and contribute to the elimination of malignant cells. These cytokines mediate their effects by binding on unique receptors on the surface of immune cells, initiating signaling cascades that trigger expression of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) that ultimately drive expression of specific proteins that mediate the various interferon responses and effects. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms by which interferons control different types of cells of the immune system, as well as malignant cells to mediate their important biological properties. This review addresses interferon (IFN) signaling in immune cells and the tumor microenvironment (TME) and examines how this affects cancer progression. The data reveal that IFNs exert dual roles in cancers, dependent on the TME, exhibiting both anti-tumor activity and promoting cancer progression. We discuss the abnormal IFN signaling induced by cancerous cells that alters immune responses to permit their survival and proliferation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]