학술논문
Modified Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (M-WCST): Normative data for the Latin American Spanish speaking adult population.
Document Type
Article
Author
Source
Subject
*BRAIN anatomy
*COGNITIVE testing
*DEMOGRAPHY
*FRONTAL lobe
*NEUROLOGY
*POPULATION
*REFERENCE values
*REHABILITATION
*T-test (Statistics)
*DATA analysis
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Language
ISSN
1053-8135
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To generate normative data on the Modified Card Sorting Test (M-WCST) across 11 countries in Latin America, with country-specific adjustments for gender, age, and education, where appropriate. METHOD: The sample consisted of 3,977 healthy adults who were recruited from Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Cuba, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, and Puerto Rico. Each subject was administered the M-WCST as part of a larger neuropsychological battery. A standardized five-step statistical procedure was used to generate the norms. RESULTS: The final multiple linear regression models explained between 2-33% of the variance in M-WCST scores. Although t-tests showed significant differences between men and women from seven different countries on the M-WCST, the effect sizes were small. As a result, gender-adjusted norms were not generated. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first normative multicenter study conducted in in Latin America aiming to create norms for the M-WCST; this study will have important implications for the future of neuropsychology in the region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]