부산대학교 도서관

The management of mosquito-borne diseases is a challenge in southern coastal Ecuador, where dengue is hyper-endemic and co-circulates with other arboviral diseases. Prior work in the region has explored social-ecological factors, dengue case data, and entomological indices. In this study, we bring together entomological and epidemiological data to describe links between social-ecological factors associated with risk of dengue transmission at the household level in Machala, Ecuador. Households surveys were conducted from 2014–2017 to assess the presence of adult Aedes aegypti (collected via aspiration) and to enumerate housing conditions, demographics, and mosquito prevention behaviors. Household-level dengue infection status was determined by laboratory diagnostics in 2014–2015. Bivariate analyses and multivariate logistic regression models were used to identify social-ecological variables associated with household presence of female Ae. aegypti and household dengue infection status, respectively. Aedes aegypti presence was associated with interruptions in water service and weekly trash collection, and household air conditioning was protective against mosquito presence. Presence of female Ae. aegypti was not associated with household dengue infections. We identified shaded patios and head of household employment status as risk factors for household-level dengue infection, while window screening in good condition was identified as protective against dengue infection. These findings add to our understanding of the systems of mosquito-borne disease transmission in Machala, and in the larger region of southern Ecuador, aiding in the development of improved vector surveillance efforts, and targeted interventions. Author summary: The management of dengue fever, spread by the mosquito Aedes aegypti, is a major challenge to public health in southern coastal Ecuador. This is particularly true in the city of Machala, Ecuador, where the annual number of dengue fever cases is historically high. In this study, we bring together mosquito survey data and data on human dengue infections to describe household characteristics that are associated with dengue risk in Machala. Household surveys were conducted to determine the presence of adult Ae. aegypti mosquitoes, household-level dengue infection status, and to collect information housing conditions, members of the household, and mosquito prevention behaviors. Statistical analyses were performed to determine which household characteristics were linked to presence of female Ae. aegypti mosquitoes and dengue infection status. We identified several factors that were associated with increased risk of household mosquito presence, or dengue infections, in addition to protective characteristics associated with lower risk. Interestingly, presence of female Ae. aegypti did not predict which households would have dengue infections. These findings add to our understanding of mosquito-borne disease risk in Machala, and in the larger region of southern Ecuador, aiding in the development of improved mosquito control and surveillance efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]